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Labour and social regulation

Labour and social regulation covers the legal framework and fundamental social rights that regulates industrial relations, employment and social policies across Europe. It includes national, EU and international legislation.  Union labour law has a direct or indirect impact on the normative and functional frameworks of individual and collective labour law systems of the Member States in a relationship of mutual interference and interaction.  Increasingly Union labour laws are also shaped by agreements that the parties voluntarily enter into and by soft law mechanisms.  The reform or modernising of labour law is currently high on the agenda in several Member States.

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Begreppet hybridarbete blev allmänt känt i samband med den snabba ökningen av distansarbete under covid-19-pandemin, när företag och anställda började diskutera hur arbetet skulle organiseras efter pandemin. Det har i...

25 maj 2023
Publication
Research report

Eurofound research

Eurofound has monitored legislative developments in industrial relations, working conditions and restructuring in Europe over time and from a comparative perspective across the Member States. The Agency’s work in this area seeks to assist decision-makers to better understand the legal framework for creating policy. It has also put resources in place to assist audiences in understanding the sometimes complex and difficult terminology used.

EU context

This topic covers the legal framework that regulates industrial relations and employment across Europe, including EU legislation and the fundamental labour standards that need to be taken into account.

Legislation is crucial in shaping how Europeans work and live. It is the basis for ensuring better working conditions, equitable labour relations, and equal opportunities for all citizens.

Publications results (81)

This report explores EU Member States’ legislation around the right to disconnect and assesses the impact of company policies in this area on employees’ hours of connection, working time, work–life balance, health and well-being, and overall workplace satisfaction.

30 November 2023

Begreppet hybridarbete blev allmänt känt i samband med den snabba ökningen av distansarbete under covid-19-pandemin, när företag och anställda började diskutera hur arbetet skulle organiseras efter pandemin. Det har i allt större utsträckning använts för att hänvisa till situationer där arbete (som

25 May 2023

I denna rapport presenteras Eurofounds forskning om distansarbete under covid-19-pandemin 2020 och 2021. I rapporten undersöks förändringar i omfattningen av distansarbete, arbetsvillkoren för anställda som arbetar hemifrån och ändringar av bestämmelser som tar itu med frågor som rör denna

08 December 2022

Denna rapport genomförs inom ramen för det treåriga pilotprojektet (2021–2023) ”Minimilönens roll vid inrättandet av en allmän arbetsgaranti” som Europeiska kommissionen har gett Eurofound i uppdrag att genomföra. Fokus ligger på modul 3 i projektet, där man undersöker minimilöner och andra

30 November 2022

Denna rapport syftar till att kartlägga och analysera lagstiftning och kollektivförhandlingar om distansarbete i de 27 medlemsstaterna och Norge. Den belyser de största skillnaderna och likheterna mellan länderna när det gäller lagstiftning om distansarbete och de senaste förändringarna av denna

01 September 2022

Efter att återhållsamhet iakttagits vid förhandlingarna om minimilöner för 2021 ökade de nominella minimilönerna för 2022 markant i takt med att de negativa följderna av pandemin minskade och ekonomin och arbetsmarknadssituationen förbättrades. I samband med detta höjdes minimilönerna i 20 av de 21

15 June 2022

Digitisation and automation technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), can affect working conditions in a variety of ways and their use in the workplace raises a host of new ethical concerns. Recently, the policy debate surrounding these concerns has become more prominent and has

30 May 2022

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2021 for 28 countries – the 27 EU Member States and Norway. The country reports summarise evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on working life based on national research and survey results during 2021. They

19 May 2022

Rapporten sammanfattar hur minimilöner för 2021 fastställdes under 2020 – året som präglades av covid-19-pandemin. I rapporten granskas de svårigheter som nationella beslutsfattare upplevde och hur de vid beslutsfattande om minimilönen reagerade på utmaningarna till följd av pandemins ekonomiska och

10 June 2021

I denna rapport undersöks utvecklingen av medlemsstaternas politik för att inkludera personer med funktionsnedsättning på den öppna arbetsmarknaden. Särskilt fokus ligger på tre stadier, dvs. möjligheterna att ta sig in på, stanna kvar på och återvända till arbetsmarknaden efter en tids frånvaro. I

19 April 2021

Online resources results (793)

Denmark: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The debate on EU membership sparked by the Brexit referendum, the current state of tripartite negotiations on the integration of refugees and an occupational health and safety case at Siemens Wind Power are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

Poland: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Conflicts in the public sector, improved minimum wages, union representation for Ukrainian migrant workers and concerns about the consequences of Brexit for Polish workers in the UK are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

EU Level: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The latest Country Specific Recommendations for Member States, the recent EU-level boost for social dialogue, the latest developments on the revision of the Posting of Workers Directive and recent migration initiatives are among the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the

Hungary: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Ongoing unrest in the education sector, the repeal of Sunday closure legislation and changes in the employee-benefits 'Cafeteria' system are among the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Hungary in the second quarter of

Norway: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Rising unemployment, the biennial renegotiation of nationwide collective agreements and proposed changes to legislation on temporary layoffs, working time and whistle-blowing are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The debate on the controversial new Labour Code, the opening of an information centre for posted and migrant workers, and the rise in the minimum monthly wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Lithuania in the

Portugal: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The re-introduction of four holidays and the 35-hour week in the public sector; as well as job precariousness and unemployment, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Portugal in the first quarter of 2016.

Romania: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

Opposition to new measures to reduce public sector wage inequality, a fresh start for the Social and Economic Council, and new measures to reconcile family and working life are the main topics of interest of this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in Romanian working

France: Green light on implementing the arduous work account scheme

In December 2015, the government accepted the last two decrees establishing a points scheme for arduous work and in June 2016 the Ministry of Labour gave the green light on its implementation. Employers claim the scheme will lead to job cuts while some unions have criticised certain aspects.

Greece: Supreme Court rules on liability of employees in occupational accidents

Two decisions of the Supreme Court (Areios Pagos), that attribute liability to workers in workplace accidents and property damage, in the course of work, contrary to current labour law, constitute case-law since March 2015, establishing new facts in current labor rights and overturning vested


Blogs results (12)
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The European Platform Tackling Undeclared Work last year documented the case of a Dutch temporary work agency that hired workers of various nationalities to work for a construction company in Belgium. The wages were suspiciously low, and the Belgian Labour Inspectorate believed that EU law

17 juli 2019
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The European Union (EU) has strong legislation in place that protects workers from being exploited and also enables businesses to engage in fair competition. Workers are mobile and can move freely within the EU single market across borders – without being dependent upon traffickers. Yet, the latest

3 maj 2016

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