Míchumas agus galar ainsealach
Sainmhínítear míchumas nó galar ainsealach go ginearálta mar riocht sláinte leanúnach a chuireann teorainn le gníomhaíochtaí laethúla duine nó a gcumas idirghníomhú leis an domhan mórthimpeall orthu ar bhonn comhionann le daoine eile. De réir mar a bhíonn daonra an Aontais ag dul in aois, tá méadú ag teacht ar líon na ndaoine a bhfuil míchumas orthu nó riochtaí sláinte ainsealacha. I gcás go leor Eorpach a bhfuil míchumas nó galar ainsealach orthu, tá go leor constaicí ann a chuireann cosc orthu páirt iomlán a ghlacadh sa saol laethúil, agus tá rochtain ar mhargadh an tsaothair fós ar cheann de na dúshláin is mó. Is tosaíocht do chlár oibre an Aontais é cuimsiú gníomhach agus cearta daoine faoi mhíchumas nó galair ainsealacha a chur chun cinn sa tsochaí.
Faigh an t-ábhar is déanaí ar an ábhar seo thíos.
Uirlisí beartais fostaíochta do dhaoine faoi mhíchumas chun fostóirí a mhealladh - Páipéar cúlra
Breathnaíonn an páipéar cúlra seo ar chomhthéacs beartais an AE maidir le rannpháirtíocht daoine faoi mhíchumas sa mhargadh saothair, déantar athbhreithniú ar na príomhbhacainní atá taobh thiar den bhearna fostaíochta do dhaoine faoi mhíchumas agus tugtar breac-chuntas ar uirlisí beartais agus ar chleachtais san ionad oibre a thacaíonn lena bhfostaíocht, lena gcoinneáil agus lena bhforbairt gairme.Paths towards independent living and social inclusion in Europe for people with a disability - Background paper
This background paper looks at the EU policy context regarding deinstitutionalisation for people with long-term care needs, analyses trends and outlines strategies supporting independent living.Respondents with disabilities hit harder by unmet medical needs
Eurofound’s 2024 e-survey shows that people with disabilities in Europe are more than twice as likely as others to face unmet medical needs, with 40% reporting barriers in accessing healthcare. Financial situation, age, employment status and limited transport, especially in rural areas, are among the main reasons, underscoring persistent inequalities despite EU commitments to equal treatment.Ag tarraingt ar shonraí ón Suirbhé Eorpach ar Cháilíocht na Beatha (EQLS) agus ón Suirbhé Eorpach ar Choinníollacha Oibre (EWCS), in éineacht le taighde eile, déanann Eurofound staidéar ar na neamhionannais agus na dúshláin atá roimh dhaoine faoi mhíchumas agus ar na cineálacha cur chuige beartais a d'fhéadfaí a iniúchadh.
sonraí ón Maireachtáil agus Obair san AE léargas ar staid na ndaoine faoi mhíchumas le linn na paindéime, agus déanann siad comparáid idir a staid i ndáil le rochtain ar chúram sláinte, folláine mheabhrach, staid airgeadais agus dóchas faoin todhchaí.
Scrúdaítear taighde freisin na forbairtí beartais i mBallstáit an AE atá dírithe ar thacú le cuimsiú daoine faoi mhíchumas sa mhargadh saothair oscailte, agus béim ar leith ar na trí chéim a bhaineann le dul i mbun fostaíochta, fanacht sa phost agus filleadh ar an obair tar éis neamhláithreacht. Déantar iniúchadh ann ar mheicníochtaí agus ar éifeachtacht na mbeart beartais a bhí i bhfeidhm roimh an bpaindéim, agus soláthraíonn sé anailís nuashonraithe ar bhearta beartais luatha a cruthaíodh i ndiaidh na paindéime.
Foilsiú: Míchumas agus comhtháthú sa mhargadh saothair: Treochtaí beartais agus tacaíocht i mBallstáit an AE
Ar an 3 Márta 2021, thíolaic an Coimisiún Eorpach a Straitéis um Chearta Daoine faoi Mhíchumas 2021–2030. Ag tógáil ar an straitéis 10 mbliana 2010–2020 roimhe seo, tá sé mar aidhm aige a chinntiú gur féidir le daoine faoi mhíchumas páirt iomlán a ghlacadh sa tsochaí ar bhonn comhionann le daoine eile. Cé go bhfuil dul chun cinn déanta le blianta beaga anuas maidir le rochtain ar chúram sláinte, oideachas, fostaíocht, gníomhaíochtaí áineasa agus rannpháirtíocht sa saol polaitiúil, tá go leor fós le déanamh chun bacainní a bhaint. Leagtar amach ann príomhthionscnaimh faoi thrí phríomhthéama: cearta AE; maireachtáil neamhspleách agus neamhspleáchas; neamh-idirdhealú agus comhdheiseanna. Mar thionscnamh suaitheanta in 2022, thíolaic an Coimisiún pacáiste chun feabhas a chur ar thorthaí mhargadh an tsaothair daoine faoi mhíchumas. Agus in 2024, thángthas ar chomhaontú polaitiúil maidir leis an togra ón gCoimisiún le haghaidh Treoir lena mbunaítear an Cárta Eorpach um Míchumas agus an Cárta Páirceála Eorpach do dhaoine faoi mhíchumas.
Rannchuidíonn an straitéis míchumais leis an um Cholún Eorpach um Chearta Sóisialta, a thíolaic an Coimisiún an 4 Márta 2021. Léiríonn an Colún, a d'fhógair institiúidí an Aontais go foirmiúil i mí na Samhna 2017, tiomantas comhpháirteach do thimpeallacht oibre shláintiúil, shábháilte agus dea-oiriúnaithe a sholáthar d'oibrithe san Aontas. Leagann sé béim ar an gceart chun cóir chomhionann agus deiseanna comhionanna maidir le fostaíocht, cosaint shóisialta, oideachas, agus rochtain ar earraí agus seirbhísí atá ar fáil don phobal, beag beann ar mhíchumas.
Soláthraíonn an straitéis 10 mbliana an creat chun tacú le gníomhaíochtaí ar leibhéal an Aontais agus ar leibhéal na mBallstát chun Coinbhinsiún na Náisiún Aontaithe ar Chearta Daoine faoi Mhíchumas (UNCRPD) a chur chun feidhme, a ghlac na Náisiúin Aontaithe in 2006.
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Aontas an Chomhionannais: Straitéis um Chearta Daoine faoi Mhíchumas 2021-2030opens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Lá Eorpach na nDaoine faoi Mhíchumas 2024opens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Plean Gníomhaíochta an Cholún Eorpaigh um Chearta Sóisialtaopens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Daoine faoi mhíchumasopens in new tab
Na Náisiúin Aontaithe:An Coinbhinsiún ar Chearta Daoine faoi Mhíchumas (CRPD)opens in new tab
Is rogha é seo de na torthaí is tábhachtaí don ábhar seo.
13 January 2025
Quality of life in the EU in 2024: Results from the Living and Working in the EU e-survey
Eurofound’s e-survey captures the situation of European respondents and their post-pandemic concerns. This factsheet outlines the most recent data on the main challenges faced by Europeans, with a particular emphasis on the rising cost of living, health and mental health, access to healthcare services, work–life balance, and changes in telework opportunities. View the publication or read the findings in digital format via the related content.
21 March 2022
People with disabilities and the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey
A new European Disability Strategy was launched in 2021 with the aim of intensifying progress on ensuring the full participation of people with disabilities in society. The increase of EU policy focus on people with disabilities is timely: the COVID-19 pandemic magnified the challenges they faced in many spheres of their lives.
This policy brief explores the situation of Europeans with disabilities during the pandemic. Using data from the third round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey, conducted in February–March 2021, it compares the situation of respondents with and without disabilities in four areas: access to healthcare, mental well-being, financial situation and optimism about the future. The analyses show that on all indicators the situation of people with disabilities was significantly worse.
18 April 2021
Disability and labour market integration: Policy trends and support in EU Member States
This report examines policy developments in EU Member States aimed at supporting the inclusion of people with disabilities in the open labour market, with a particular focus on the three stages of entering into employment, staying in the job and returning to work after an absence. It explores the mechanisms and effectiveness of more than 150 different policy measures designed to address the dimensions in place in the EU before the COVID-19 pandemic: job creation, labour supply, labour demand and contextual factors. In addition, it provides an updated analysis of early policy measures created in the wake of the pandemic that aimed to support the labour market situation of people with disabilities. A country case study on Ireland complements the study by outlining the complexity of disability and support systems from a broader perspective. The report builds on the lessons learned and provides policy pointers to improve the integration of people with disabilities into the open labour market.
8 October 2020
Access to care services: Early childhood education and care, healthcare and long-term care
The right of access to good-quality care services is highlighted in the European Pillar of Social Rights. This report focuses on three care services: early childhood education and care (ECEC), healthcare, and long-term care. Access to these services has been shown to contribute to reducing inequalities throughout the life cycle and achieving equality for women and persons with disabilities. Drawing on input from the Network of Eurofound Correspondents and Eurofound’s own research, the report presents an overview of the current situation in various EU Member States, Norway and the UK, outlining barriers to the take-up of care services and differences in access issues between population groups. It pays particular attention to three areas that have the potential to improve access to services: ECEC for children with disabilities and special educational needs, e-healthcare and respite care.
15 October 2019
How to respond to chronic health problems in the workplace?
The number of workers living with chronic health conditions is rising in the EU. Such conditions affect people’s ability to work to varying degrees. While some are unable to continue working, many wish to and would be able to do so if their workplace made adaptations to accommodate their needs. Maintaining labour force participation is a key issue for policymakers in the context of demographic ageing and a falling working-age population.
This policy brief examines chronic disease in EU workplaces: its prevalence, the impact on ability to work, the extent that workplaces are making adjustments for workers with chronic disease and the effect of that on job quality. It finds that most workers with a chronic disease that limits their ability to work do not benefit from workplace accommodation. It also finds that such adaptations can have a positive impact on the quality and sustainability of work.
30 November 2018
Social and employment situation of people with disabilities
People with disabilities are among the most disadvantaged groups in the EU. This policy brief examines the social situation of people of working age with disabilities, using data from the 2011 and 2016 rounds of the European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS). The brief looks at changes over this period in employment, education and training, participation in society, social protection and healthcare, all priority areas of the European Disability Strategy. The brief also looks at the subjective well-being of this group of Europeans and examines the factors that influence their well-being. Among its policy pointers, the brief highlights the work that must be done to improve the employment situation of people with disabilities.
Soláthraíonn taighdeoirí Eurofound léargas saineolaithe agus is féidir teagmháil a dhéanamh leo le haghaidh ceisteanna nó fiosrúcháin ó na meáin.
Daphne Ahrendt
Senior research managerIs bainisteoir taighde sinsearach í Daphne Ahrendt san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound. Ó thosaigh sí ag obair le Eurofound in 2013, chlúdaigh sí raon leathan réimsí beartais shóisialta. Faoi láthair, comhordaíonn sí gníomhaíocht bainistíochta agus forbartha suirbhé Eurofound agus tá sí i gceannas ar ullmhú agus ar anailís na r-shuirbhéanna COVID-19. Tá breis agus 20 bliain de thaithí ag Daphne mar thaighdeoir ag obair ar shuirbhéanna idirnáisiúnta, tar éis di a bheith ag obair roimhe seo in Aonad Eorabharaiméadair an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh agus san Ionad Náisiúnta um Thaighde Sóisialta i Londain, áit ar oibrigh sí ar an gClár Suirbhé Sóisialta Idirnáisiúnta. Tá céim Mháistir ag Daphne i mBeartais Cheartais Choiriúla ó Scoil Eacnamaíochta Londan agus céim Bhaitsiléara san Eolaíocht Pholaitiúil ó Ollscoil Stáit San Francisco.
Oscar Vargas Llave
Senior research managerOscar Vargas Llave is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and manages projects on changes in the world of work and the impact on working conditions and related policies: organisation of working time, remote work, the right to disconnect, health and well-being and ageing. Before joining Eurofound in December 2009, he worked as project coordinator in the field of health and safety and was responsible for the Professional Card Scheme for the Construction Sector in Spain at the non-profit Fundación Laboral de la Construcción in Madrid. He has a background in industrial sociology (Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca), and also holds a Diploma in Social Science Research Methods from the University of Cardiff and a Master’s degree in Health and Safety from the Autonomous University of Madrid.
Tugann an rannán seo rochtain ar an ábhar ar fad a foilsíodh faoin ábhar.
