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Era digitală: Oportunități și provocări pentru muncă și pentru ocuparea forței de muncă

Capacitatea omului de a stoca, transmite și manipula informațiile s-a extins enorm în ultimii ani, ca urmare a inovațiilor în tehnologiile informatice și de telecomunicații. Astfel de tehnologii ale informației și ale comunicațiilor (TIC) au efecte semnificative în aproape toate domeniile economiei, conducând la accelerarea generală a ritmului modificărilor tehnice. În același timp, munca, conținutul, organizarea și proiectarea, reglementarea și protecția acesteia trec toate prin schimbări majore în era digitală. Aceste schimbări provoacă deseori estomparea limitelor dintre diferite dimensiuni ale muncii și între muncă, ocuparea forței de muncă și activitățile neprofesionale.

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Recent updates

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Regulatory responses to algorithmic management in the EU

Since 2013, Eurofound's ERM database on restructuring-related legislation has been documenting regulatory developments in the Member States of the European Union and Norway. The most recent update to the database...

Article
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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

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EU context

 

Factorii de decizie politică trebuie să dobândească cunoștințe care să contribuie la abordarea chestiunilor referitoare la reglementarea eficientă, la modalitatea de asigurare a protecției sociale în sensul cel mai larg și la echilibrarea cererilor companiilor, ale societăților și ale indivizilor în ceea ce privește exploatarea potențialului mare al digitalizării.

Comisia Europeană a adoptat strategia privind piața unică digitală pentru Europa în 2015, subliniind că reprezintă una dintre principalele sale priorități. Strategia poate crea oportunități digitale pentru cetățeni și companii și are obiectivul de a consolida poziția UE ca lider mondial în economia digitală. Ea vizează sporirea accesului la informații, crearea de locuri de muncă pentru cei cu aptitudinile digitale potrivite și transformarea serviciilor publice.  Întrucât economia colaborativă se răspândește la nivelul UE, Comisia urmărește încurajarea dezvoltării de servicii noi și inovatoare, asigurând în același timp măsurile de protecție adecvate. Comunicarea Comisiei din 2016 privind agenda europeană pentru economia colaborativă clarifică normele și recomandările de politici în acest domeniu pentru cetățeni, companii și statele membre.

Activitatea Eurofound

Eurofound analizează implicațiile tot mai extinse privind condițiile de muncăreglementarea munciiși, dincolo de importanța crescândă și de domeniul de aplicare al tehnologiilor digitale, privind piața muncii.

Se analizează impactul asupra ocupării forței de muncă al tehnologiilor revoluționare în domeniul serviciilor. De asemenea, Eurofound examinează implicațiile pe care le are economia bazată pe platforme, în special ocuparea forței de muncă prin intermediul platformelor online (crowd employment), asupra pieței muncii. În plus, continuă cercetările privind condițiile de muncă și de încadrare în muncă ale lucrătorilor mobili în domeniul TIC.

Va fi examinată natura muncii și a ocupării forței de muncă în era digitală, cu accent pe:

Principalele contribuții

Un raport comun cu Organizația Internațională a Muncii (OIM) privind munca la orice oră și din orice loc a analizat impactul muncii la distanță și al muncii mobile în domeniul TIC asupra anumitor elemente ale condițiilor de muncă.

Seria de seminarii ale fundației Eurofound (FSS) reprezintă o oportunitate pentru guverne, sindicate și angajatori de a discuta dezvoltarea politicilor sociale, de ocupare a forței de muncă și a celor legate de muncă ale UE. În 2016, FSS s-a concentrat pe impactul digitalizării asupra muncii și pe elaborarea unor agende naționale pentru o mai bună implementare a modificărilor digitale.

Key outputs

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

  • In 2021, Eurofound will finalise and publish its 2020 work programme research on the impact of digitisation technologies on work organisation and working conditions and launch its online flagship resource on digitalisation.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Sara Riso is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is involved in research projects in the areas of employment change and restructuring. She joined...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Tina Weber is a research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Having previously shared her time between the Employment and Working Life units, her work has focused on labour...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (44)

Employment levels in the EU27 recovered from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021 much faster than they did after the global financial crisis in 2008–2010. This was despite the immediate job loss effects of the two crises being of comparable scale. Demographic change is affecting labour

28 March 2024

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023

Acest raport abordează impactul crizei provocate de pandemia de COVID-19 asupra serviciilor sociale din UE. Deși pandemia a avut un efect negativ asupra serviciilor sociale, a oferit însă lecții cu privire la modul de adaptare a acestor servicii ca răspuns la noi provocări și riscuri sociale. De

16 August 2023

The rise of the platform economy during the last decade is one of the main disrupting forces for European labour markets. While standard employment remains the norm, platforms are expanding their reach and diversifying into novel business models. In doing so, they are also attracting an increasing n

16 May 2023

On request by the Swedish Presidency of the Council of the European Union, Eurofound prepared a background paper as a basis for the discussion at the informal Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs Council (EPSCO) meeting on 3-4 May 2023. The paper outlines some of the key challenges

04 May 2023

Pe măsură ce economiile încep să se redreseze după pandemia de COVID-19, deficitul de forță de muncă este din ce în ce mai evident, în pofida impactului războiului din Ucraina asupra prețurilor la energie și la mărfuri. Este vorba mai ales de deficitul exacerbat de criză în anumite sectoare și

28 March 2023

Raportul de față prezintă cercetările Eurofound privind telemunca în timpul pandemiei de COVID-19 din 2020 și 2021. Raportul analizează schimbările legate de incidența telemuncii, condițiile de muncă ale angajaților care lucrează de la domiciliu și modificările aduse reglementărilor care abordează

08 December 2022

Sectorul serviciilor bancare cu amănuntul este un teren propice pentru studierea impactului digitalizării asupra muncii și ocupării forței de muncă. Serviciile financiare sunt furnizate din ce în ce mai mult online, fără intervenția instituțiilor care au contact direct cu clienții. De la criza

26 September 2022

In collecting information on essential services, the European Commission requested Eurofound to provide input on certain aspects of existing and planned measures in the Member States to improve access to essential services in reference to Principle 20 of the European Pillar of Social Rights. For

07 September 2022

Digitisation and automation technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), can affect working conditions in a variety of ways and their use in the workplace raises a host of new ethical concerns. Recently, the policy debate surrounding these concerns has become more prominent and has

30 May 2022

Online resources results (26)

Czech Republic: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Employers requesting government help in hiring foreign labour, plus government attempts to deal with the fourth industrial revolution and the digitalisation of the economy, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the

United Kingdom: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

The latest developments on Brexit, the government’s review of the ‘future world of work’, the tribunal victory for Uber drivers and the strikes in December are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the UK in the fourth

France: First company-level agreement on digital transformation signed at Orange

The new agreement signed by Orange and three trade unions contains measures designed to achieve a level-playing field for employees and to avoid ‘over-consumption’ of digital tools, a key element being respect for work–life balance with a guaranteed ‘right to switch off’.

Germany: Social partner and research perspectives on digitalisation

In April 2015, the German Federal Ministry for Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS) published a Green Paper looking at digitalisation and the effects of this on the labour market, the workforce and society. German social partners have also contributed their perspectives regarding potential employment

Germany: Effects of digitalisation on the labour market and working conditions

​The opportunities and challenges sparked by the digital revolution have been highlighted in a Green Paper by The Federal Ministry for Labour and Social Affairs. The ministry has also invited social partners and the public to participate in a new forum, to identify solutions to the anticipated

Labour Code covers teleworking

The use of teleworking, or working away from the office by using information technology, has not increased in France despite the transposition into national law of the European Framework agreement on telework (1.36Mb PDF) [1]. [1] http://resourcecentre.etuc.org/linked_files/documents/Framework


Blogs results (23)
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The platform economy is one of those moving targets, which, despite receiving increasing media and policy attention, has proven difficult to regulate. Given the heterogeneity of employment relationships, business models, types of platform work and cross-border issues, this is not surprising. Yet, in

27 Septembrie 2022
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Telework has become a permanent feature of working life in Europe. While we’ve seen the benefits of more flexible ways of working – particularly during the pandemic – the problems that arise from an increasingly connected life are also becoming clearer. Unfortunately, legislation alone may not be

13 Iulie 2022
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The answer is yes – potentially. Assessing the environmental benefits of telework is a complex task, because any move to work from home involves a series of changes in individuals’ daily lives and activities, as well as company-level decisions, that may positively or negatively influence the level

23 Iunie 2022
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Whether it is couch surfing, baby-sitting, pizza delivery or getting Ikea furniture assembled by somebody who can do it better, platforms can mediate all kinds of voluntary or professional services. Platform work is at the heart of the ‘sharing economy’. But while this may sound like a new form of

31 Martie 2022
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When it comes to Europe’s COVID-19 recovery and its aspiration to build back a more resilient society, the so-called green and digital transitions have dominated EU policy discussions. And as Eurofound made preparations for the 2022 Foundation Forum – a unique occasion for high-level debate on the

11 Martie 2022
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The advent of AI has far more consequences for how work is organised, performed and valued than any previous technological revolution. In order to make the most of this digital transformation we need inclusive and nuanced policy debates on its employment effects and how to future-proof policies: we

8 Decembrie 2021
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The massive and rapid adoption of telework in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 lockdowns exposed gaps in the legislation governing telework arrangements across the EU Member States. In some cases, there was no regulation in place; in others, it was too restrictive. Governments scrambled to put

31 Mai 2021
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While 2020 may come to be seen as the year platform work gathered pace and started to go mainstream – thanks in large part to COVID-19 containment measures sparking an increase in food and grocery delivery – 2021 could be the year that regulation of platform work is set in motion. The well-known

24 Februarie 2021
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The COVID-19 pandemic compelled governments to take exceptional measures to monitor and control the spread of the Coronavirus. Among them was the introduction in most EU Member States of tracking apps to gather data on citizens who have contracted the virus and to trace their contacts, a measure

13 Ianuarie 2021
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​​​​​​​With remote working becoming the new normal for many workers, it is surely the case that many employers are anxious to ensure that their employees are putting in full working days. Companies are likely to be investing in and deploying digital technologies for tracking employee performance

9 Decembrie 2020

Upcoming publications results (4)

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

Over the last decade, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have changed the way employees work and communicate with each other. Despite the many benefits of digitalisation of work, the widespread access to digital devices in working life provides an alternative medium for new forms of a

September 2024

This report investigates regional employment dynamics in Europe before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the subsequent recovery from the crisis. Almost 90% of regions across the EU had exceeded their pre-pandemic employment levels by 2022. However, significant regional disparities in emp

August 2024

The interaction between workers and robots is expected to increase in modern workplaces due to rapid advancements in robotic technologies. Advanced robots often leverage progress in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and sensor technologies to achieve a higher level of sophistication and

July 2024
Forthcoming
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Research report
Data results (1)
24 Octombrie 2023
Reference period:

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