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Dialogul social

Dialogul social poate fi definit ca demersul alcătuit din negocieri, consultări, acțiuni comune, discuții și schimb de informații care implică angajatori și lucrători. Un dialog social funcțional este un instrument-cheie în modelarea condițiilor de muncă, implicând o varietate de actori de la diferite niveluri. Dialogul social asigură echilibrul dintre interesele lucrătorilor și ale angajatorilor și contribuie atât la competitivitatea economică, cât și la coeziunea socială.

Dezbaterile politice recente de la nivelul UE au reliefat faptul că, în special după criza din 2008, au apărut noi teme de discuție privind justiția socială, democrația, calitatea muncii și noile modele de relații de muncă, care contracarează supremația relațiilor de muncă și a sistemelor de dialog social de tip tradițional.

La 30 de ani de la inaugurarea istorică a dialogului social european la Val Duchesse din Bruxelles, Comisia a relansat procesul unui nou început al dialogului social, în cadrul unui eveniment la nivel înalt care a reunit organizații ale partenerilor sociali din întreaga Europă, la 5 martie 2015. Dialogul social european constituie un instrument al politicii sociale a UE, care contribuie direct la modelarea legislației și a politicilor UE în domeniul muncii.

Topic

Recent updates

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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Activitatea Eurofound

Factorii de decizie au nevoie de dovezi solide pentru a înțelege schimbările care au loc pe piața muncii și a putea reacționa în fața dinamicii în schimbare a relațiilor de muncă din Europa. Pentru a cartografia tendințele și tiparele și pentru a pune în evidență exemple de dialog social funcțional atât la nivel european, cât și la nivel național, Eurofound utilizează date și analize provenite din rețeaua sa de corespondenți din cele 28 de state membre ale UE și din Norvegia.

Cercetările efectuate de Eurofound analizează aspecte ca: participarea lucrătorilor, negocierea colectivă, reprezentarea angajaților și relațiile de muncă de la toate nivelurile. Eurofound examinează măsura în care relațiile de muncă s-au adaptat în fața apariției organizațiilor multinaționale. De asemenea, este nevoie de o perspectivă globală, care să compare sistemele de relații de muncă și rezultatele obținute în cadrul unor sisteme economice din afara UE, precum SUA și Japonia.

Principalele contribuții

Pe parcursul a peste 40 de ani, Eurofound a realizat un volum mare de lucrări care au evidențiat aspecte numeroase și în schimbare ale dialogului social din Europa, la diverse niveluri: la nivel de întreprindere, la nivel național, european și internațional.

În ultimii ani, Eurofound a efectuat analize aprofundate ale diverselor teme aflate în centrul dialogului social, cum ar fi: 

Studiile privind reprezentativitatea realizate de Eurofound în mai multe sectoare, în baza unui mandat primit din partea Comisiei în 2006, furnizează informațiile de bază necesare pentru înființarea și funcționarea comitetelor de dialog social sectorial european.

Resurse

Elaborat în 2005 ca instrument de referință online pentru factori de decizie și practicieni, dicționarul relațiilor de muncă europene constituie un depozit valoros de informații privind ocuparea forței de muncă și relațiile de muncă în UE. Profilurile de țară cu privire la viața profesională oferă informații contextuale relevante referitoare la structurile, instituțiile și reglementările care stau la baza vieții profesionale în statele membre ale UE-28 și în Norvegia, precum și la nivelul UE.

Bazele de date privind negocierea colectivă a salariilor și salariile, timpul de lucru și litigiile colective urmăresc să le ofere cercetătorilor și factorilor de decizie informații cantitative și calitative despre aceste subiecte, din toate statele membre și din Norvegia, începând din 2000 până în prezent.

Key outputs

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În ultimii ani, cu excepția câtorva creșteri intermitente, a existat în general o scădere a acțiunilor sindicale în statele membre. În timpul pandemiei de COVID-19, această tendință a continuat, iar...

7 Februarie 2022
Publication
Research report
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This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Martie 2021
Publication
Other
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Ca parte a mandatului său de promovare a dialogului între partenerii sociali, Eurofound monitorizează și analizează evoluțiile sistemelor de relații de muncă la nivelul UE și în statele membre ale...

11 Decembrie 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Three years after the adoption of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), this report reviews the quality of the social partners’ involvement in 2023 in the ongoing implementation of reforms and investments funded by that initiative. It also examines the quality of their involvement in the prepa

26 February 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the furniture sector.

08 December 2023

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the woodworking sector.

21 November 2023

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the national and supranational social partners at cross-industry level in the EU.

09 November 2023

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the professional football sector.

26 October 2023

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023

After a long period of price stability, inflation has made a remarkable comeback in the EU. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis spurred by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the disruption of the international supply chain, among other factors, have driven up the

06 September 2023

In 2022, the European Semester process was updated to take into account the launch of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) in February 2021. Over the past year, Member States have implemented national recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) in a context of huge geopolitical and economic upheaval

29 March 2023

This paper provides an overview of the involvement of the social partners in policymaking and social dialogue in recent years, primarily at national peak level. It will focus on the evolution of social dialogue over the past decade and a half in terms of its response to external shocks, focusing on

20 March 2023

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the civil aviation sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

20 December 2022

Online resources results (435)

Slovenia: Employers withdraw from social agreement for 2015–2016

Slovenian employer organisations withdrew from the 2015–2016 social agreement at the end of November 2015, after Parliament approved amendments to the law on the minimum wage. Employers said the government had acted unacceptably and arbitrarily in making the changes. Trade unions, however, argue

France: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Government plans to combat high levels of unemployment, controversial revisions to the Labour Code, negotiations about unemployment insurance schemes and the impact of digitalisation on working life are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

Luxembourg: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Tax reforms welcomed by social partners, failed negotiations over working time legislation, a slight decrease in unemployment levels, and reforms to parental leave allowance are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

Latvia: Developments in working life - Q1 2016

Changes in labour and tax legislation, preparations for Latvia’s accession to the OECD and, connected with this, increased political focus on corruption and the shadow economy are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

Italy: New Stability Law extends range of tax-exempt benefits

Italy’s 2016 Stability Law supports the uptake of private welfare measures by extending the types of tax-exempt benefits offered by employers to include those agreed through collective bargaining.

Denmark: Tripartite agreement on integration of refugees

On 17 April 2016, the Danish government concluded tripartite negotiations with social partner confederations with an agreement on the integration of refugees. Those with no or few competencies are to be offered internships on apprentice wage level, combined with Danish lessons and the possibility

Finland: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Talks on the Competitiveness Pact, threats to the formation of a new peak-level organisation, and an agreement on a wage freeze are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Finland in the first quarter of 2016.

Croatia: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

​The election of Croatia’s new Prime Minister and government, and serious challenges to public finance over public-sector wages are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Croatia in the first quarter of 2016.

Italy: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Consultation on the renewal of industrial relations regulations, a proposal for a Charter of Universal Labour Rights, new rules on self-employment and 'smart working', and negotiations for the renewal of the collective bargaining agreement in the metalworking sector are the main topics of interest

France: Agreement signed to protect compulsory supplementary pension schemes

In France, two compulsory supplementary pension schemes managed by the social partners are facing financial difficulties. The social partners have signed an agreement to protect the schemes. The agreement introduces a bonus–penalty system to encourage employees to retire later.


Blogs results (6)

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Noiembrie 2023
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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Iunie 2021
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In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers

28 Octombrie 2020
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The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to

28 Martie 2018
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Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at

3 Octombrie 2016
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The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue

20 Aprilie 2015
Upcoming publications results (7)

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

November 2024

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