Μετανάστευση και κινητικότητα

Η εσωτερική ελεύθερη κυκλοφορία των εργαζομένων αποτελεί ακρογωνιαίο λίθο της πολιτικής ατζέντας της ΕΕ εδώ και μερικά χρόνια, με βασικούς στόχους την ενθάρρυνση των διακρατικών ανταλλαγών και την εξισορρόπηση των διαφορών που σχετίζονται με συγκεκριμένα εθνικά συστήματα. Τόσο η μετανάστευση όσο και η κινητικότητα είναι απαραίτητες για την αντιμετώπιση των ανισορροπιών όσον αφορά τις δεξιότητες και την ανταπόκριση στις απαιτήσεις της αγοράς εργασίας. Η κινητικότητα παρέχει ευκαιρίες στους πολίτες της ΕΕ.

Language training for refugees in a German camp

Νέα και επερχόμενα

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Άρθρο

20 October 2025

What does Europe need: walls or workers? Recent national developments in managing labour migration in Europe
Victoria Cojocariu
Recent developments in Europe’s labour migration policies reveal a picture of countries trying to balance security and resources concerns with finding solutions for labour shortages.
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23 September 2024

Role of human capital inequalities in social cohesion and convergence
+2
Eleonora Peruffoand 5 other authors

This report examines convergence in human capital – specifically that of individuals with tertiary education – in the EU, analysing three phases: creation, utilisation in the labour market and mobility. The analysis finds that Member States are performing better in creating human capital through education but finds disparities in the other two phases, with differences in labour market opportunities resulting in different mobility flows. A cost estimate exercise reveals that a country’s lack of attractiveness to talented individuals has economic repercussions, and that loss of human capital through emigration is not balanced by returning or incoming talent. If the imbalance in human capital circulation in the EU is not addressed, this may hurt convergence, leaving Member States and regions without the skills to negotiate the twin transition successfully. An examination of policies to attract talent illuminates the need for long-term initiatives and to link them with labour market opportunities.

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28 March 2024

Social impact of migration: Addressing the challenges of receiving and integrating Ukrainian refugees
Klára Fóti

This report focuses on the challenges that the EU Member States and Norway face when receiving and integrating refugees who fled Ukraine after Russia’s invasion in February 2022. It investigates their labour market integration and access to and experiences with public services that are crucial for societal inclusion. The main aim is to explore and highlight the interplay between different areas of integration: employment, housing arrangements, healthcare (including mental health care), access to childcare and social assistance. The report uses information collected by Eurofound from the Member States and Norway and covers developments up to mid-2023. It examines the following issues: employment levels and barriers to labour market access for Ukrainian refugees; support measures for labour market integration; and the ways in which the Member States and Norway facilitate access to key services (housing, education, healthcare and social assistance) and the challenges that have to be overcome in this regard.

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28 March 2024

Έκθεση έρευνας

Social impact of migration: Addressing the challenges of receiving and integrating Ukrainian refugees

This report focuses on the challenges that the EU Member States and Norway face when receiving and integrating refugees who fled Ukraine after Russia’s invasion in February 2022. It investigates their labour market integration and access to and experiences with public services that are crucial for societal inclusion. The main aim is to explore and highlight the interplay between different areas of integration: employment, housing arrangements, healthcare (including mental health care), access to childcare and social assistance. The report uses information collected by Eurofound from the Member States and Norway and covers developments up to mid-2023. It examines the following issues: employment levels and barriers to labour market access for Ukrainian refugees; support measures for labour market integration; and the ways in which the Member States and Norway facilitate access to key services (housing, education, healthcare and social assistance) and the challenges that have to be overcome in this regard.

14 June 2023

Ερευνητικό έγγραφο του Eurofound

Barriers to employment of displaced Ukrainians

In responding to Russia’s war against Ukraine, the EU activated its Temporary Protection Directive (TPD) for people who fled the country, allowing them to settle in the EU and to access basic public services and the labour market. By spring 2023, more than 4.5 million people had made use of the TPD or similar national protection schemes in the EU. In 2022, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights conducted an online survey among people displaced from Ukraine. Eurofound has analysed the survey results on their experiences when seeking to access employment. This paper highlights the main barriers that displaced people encountered and suggests ways to facilitate their inclusion.

25 June 2020

Ανάρτηση ιστολογίου

Racial discrimination is not a thing of the past in the EU

Although EU law guarantees equal treatment for all among its founding principles, discrimination in the EU is not a thing of the past. Across Europe, 2% of workers report experiencing discrimination at work linked to each of the following: race, ethnic background, colour and nationality.

27 November 2019

Σύνοψη πολιτικής

How your birthplace affects your workplace

Employment statistics consistently show that having a foreign background has an influence on people’s employment prospects. Less is known about the types of jobs workers with foreign backgrounds hold and their working conditions. This policy brief contributes to filling this gap. It compares the experience of workers with a foreign background to that of native workers; it also distinguishes between the experiences of first-generation and second-generation migrants and between those of women and men.
The evidence shows that having a foreign background can have a negative impact both on labour market integration and working conditions. However, significant differences emerge between different groups of migrants. The findings highlight the clear need for a nuanced approach to policymaking to ensure a level playing field in the labour market for workers with a foreign background.

19 June 2019

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Role of public services in integrating refugees and asylum seekers

Following the influx of over three million asylum seekers into the European Union in the three-year period 2015–2017, Member States faced a number of challenges related to integrating the newly arrived into their country. This report explores the role of public services – specifically housing, social services, health and education services – in the social and economic integration of refugees and asylum seekers. It aims to identify the factors that hinder this process and the elements that contribute to successful integration. The overall focus is on destination countries, particularly the three countries most affected by the inflow of refugees and asylum seekers: Austria, Germany and Sweden.

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Οι ερευνητές του Eurofound παρέχουν εξειδικευμένες γνώσεις και μπορούν να επικοινωνήσουν μαζί τους για ερωτήσεις ή αιτήματα από τα μέσα ενημέρωσης.

Eleonora Peruffo

Research officer
Social policies research

Η Eleonora Peruffo είναι ερευνήτρια στη μονάδα Κοινωνικής Πολιτικής του Eurofound. Ασχολείται με θέματα που σχετίζονται με την ανοδική σύγκλιση και την κοινωνική συνοχή στην Ευρώπη. Κατά την περίοδο 2021-2022, παρείχε ανάλυση δεδομένων για την Ευρωπαϊκή Τηλεφωνική Έρευνα για τις Συνθήκες Εργασίας (EWCTS). Εντάχθηκε στο Eurofound το 2014 και έχει εργαστεί σε θέματα που σχετίζονται με την αναδιάρθρωση, την απασχόληση και την ψηφιοποίηση. Είναι κάτοχος μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου στις Διπλωματικές Επιστήμες και τις Διεθνείς Σχέσεις από το Πανεπιστήμιο της Τεργέστης και μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου MSc in Computer Science - Data Analytics από το National College of Ireland.

Karel Fric

Research officer
Social policies research

Ο Karel Fric είναι ερευνητής στη μονάδα κοινωνικής πολιτικής του Eurofound. Το έργο του περιλαμβάνει έρευνα ερευνών, ανάλυση δεδομένων και διαχείριση έργων, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις συνθήκες εργασίας και διαβίωσης, την ισότητα και τις διακρίσεις. Προηγουμένως εργάστηκε ως ερευνητής στον Οργανισμό Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης στη Βιέννη της Αυστρίας και στην Panteia, έναν ερευνητικό και συμβουλευτικό οργανισμό με έδρα το Zoetermeer της Ολλανδίας. Ο Karel είναι κάτοχος διδακτορικού διπλώματος στις Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες από το Πανεπιστήμιο Erasmus του Ρότερνταμ και μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου στα Οικονομικά από το Πανεπιστήμιο της Ουτρέχτης.

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