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Digitální éra: příležitosti a výzvy pro práci a zaměstnanost

V posledních letech v důsledku inovací v oblasti výpočetních a telekomunikačních technologií významně vzrostly schopnosti lidstva, pokud jde o uchovávání a předávání informací a nakládání s nimi. Informační a komunikační technologie mají výrazný vliv téměř ve všech oblastech hospodářství, což vede k obecnému zrychlení tempa technických změn. V této digitální éře zaznamenává obrovské změny také práce, její náplň, organizace, uspořádání, regulace a ochrana. Tyto změny s sebou nesou i stírání hranic mezi různými aspekty práce a mezi prací, zaměstnaností a mimopracovní činností.

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Recent updates

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Regulatory responses to algorithmic management in the EU

Since 2013, Eurofound's ERM database on restructuring-related legislation has been documenting regulatory developments in the Member States of the European Union and Norway. The most recent update to the database...

Article
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From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

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EU context

Tvůrci politik potřebují poznatky, které jim pomohou řešit otázky, jako je účinná regulace, způsob zajištění sociální ochrany v nejširším slova smyslu a rovnoprávné zohlednění požadavků podniků, společnosti a jednotlivců při využívání obrovského potenciálu digitalizace.

Evropská komise přijala v roce 2015 strategii pro jednotný digitální trh v Evropě, kterou označila za jednu ze svých politických priorit. Tato strategie přispívá k vytváření digitálních příležitostí pro občany i podniky a klade si za cíl posílit vedoucí postavení EU ve světě v oblasti digitální ekonomiky. Usiluje o zlepšení přístupu k informacím, vytváření pracovních příležitostí pro osoby s odpovídajícími digitálními dovednostmi a transformaci veřejných služeb.  Vzhledem k tomu, že ekonomika sdílení nabývá v celé EU na oblibě, Komise se snaží povzbuzovat rozvoj nových a inovativních služeb a zároveň zabezpečit přiměřená ochranná opatření. Sdělení Komise z roku 2016 s názvem „Evropský program pro ekonomiku sdílení“ objasňuje pravidla a politická doporučení v této oblasti pro občany, podniky a členské státy.

Činnost nadace Eurofound

Eurofound zkoumá širší důsledky rostoucího rozsahu a dosahu digitálních technologií pro trh práce z hlediska pracovních podmínek, pracovněprávních předpisů a dalších aspektů.

Zabývá se dopadem průlomových technologií v oblasti služeb na zaměstnanost. Eurofound zkoumá také vliv platformové ekonomiky, zejména tzv. crowd employment (najímání pracovníků na zakázku oslovením velké skupiny pracovníků prostřednictvím on-line platformy), na trh práce. Pokračuje rovněž ve výzkumu pracovních podmínek a podmínek zaměstnávání mobilních pracovníků využívajících informační a komunikační technologie.

V budoucnu se zaměří na charakter práce a zaměstnanost v digitální éře, přičemž bude zvláštní pozornost věnovat:

Hlavní příspěvky

Zpráva vypracovaná ve spolupráci s Mezinárodní organizací práce o možnosti pracovat kdykoli a kdekoli se zabývá vlivem práce na dálku a mobilní práce využívající informační a komunikační technologie na vybrané aspekty pracovních podmínek.

Série seminářů nadace Eurofound poskytuje vládám, odborům a zaměstnavatelům příležitost diskutovat o vývoji sociálních, zaměstnaneckých a pracovních politik EU. V roce 2016 se série seminářů nadace zaměřila na dopad digitalizace na práci a na vytváření vnitrostátních programů pro lepší provádění digitálních změn.

Key outputs

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Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen...

12 Září 2023
Publication
Research report
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Odvětví retailového bankovnictví nabízí příznivé podmínky pro zkoumání dopadů digitalizace na práci a zaměstnanost. Finanční služby jsou stále častěji poskytovány on-line, bez prostředníka v podobě institucí, kde dochází ke komunikaci...

26 Září 2022
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

  • In 2021, Eurofound will finalise and publish its 2020 work programme research on the impact of digitisation technologies on work organisation and working conditions and launch its online flagship resource on digitalisation.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Sara Riso is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is involved in research projects in the areas of employment change and restructuring. She joined...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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Tina Weber is a research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Having previously shared her time between the Employment and Working Life units, her work has focused on labour...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (44)

Employment levels in the EU27 recovered from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021 much faster than they did after the global financial crisis in 2008–2010. This was despite the immediate job loss effects of the two crises being of comparable scale. Demographic change is affecting labour

28 March 2024

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023

Tato zpráva se zabývá dopadem krize COVID-19 na sociální služby v EU. Pandemie sice sociální služby negativně ovlivnila, zároveň však poskytla ponaučení, jak tyto služby přizpůsobit v reakci na nové výzvy a sociální rizika. Jedním ponaučením je například to, že by měly být vypracovány politiky ke

16 August 2023

The rise of the platform economy during the last decade is one of the main disrupting forces for European labour markets. While standard employment remains the norm, platforms are expanding their reach and diversifying into novel business models. In doing so, they are also attracting an increasing n

16 May 2023

On request by the Swedish Presidency of the Council of the European Union, Eurofound prepared a background paper as a basis for the discussion at the informal Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs Council (EPSCO) meeting on 3-4 May 2023. The paper outlines some of the key challenges

04 May 2023

Jak se ekonomiky začínají zotavovat z pandemie covidu-19 (navzdory dopadu války na Ukrajině na ceny energií a komodit), je nedostatek pracovních sil stále zřetelnější. Jedná se zejména o nedostatek pracovních sil, který v určitých odvětvích a povoláních již určitou dobu přetrvával a který krize

28 March 2023

Tato zpráva představuje výzkum nadace Eurofound zaměřený na práci na dálku během pandemie COVID-19 v letech 2020 a 2021. Zkoumá změny v míře využívání práce na dálku, změny pracovních podmínek zaměstnanců pracujících z domova a změny předpisů, které řeší otázky s tímto pracovním režimem související

08 December 2022

Odvětví retailového bankovnictví nabízí příznivé podmínky pro zkoumání dopadů digitalizace na práci a zaměstnanost. Finanční služby jsou stále častěji poskytovány on-line, bez prostředníka v podobě institucí, kde dochází ke komunikaci se zákazníky. Mnoho bank v tomto odvětví prochází od doby

26 September 2022

In collecting information on essential services, the European Commission requested Eurofound to provide input on certain aspects of existing and planned measures in the Member States to improve access to essential services in reference to Principle 20 of the European Pillar of Social Rights. For

07 September 2022

Digitisation and automation technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), can affect working conditions in a variety of ways and their use in the workplace raises a host of new ethical concerns. Recently, the policy debate surrounding these concerns has become more prominent and has

30 May 2022

Online resources results (26)
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Amazon’s expansion in Europe

The U.S. online retail giant Amazon is investing heavily in Europe, creating 11,580 jobs in 2018 alone. As Europe turns towards e-commerce, automation and digitalisation, Amazon will play a key role in reshaping the retail sector. But its impacts are unlikely to be confined to retail alone.

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Lloyds bank’s digital transformation

Lloyds Banking Group is investing £3 billion (€3.35 billion) in technology and staff to improve its digital services. As a result, the Group has announced that it is cutting over 6,000 existing positions while creating 8,000 new jobs oriented towards digital technologies. The move reflects the

Platform work and employment conditions Informal meeting of EU Employment and Social Policy Ministers (EPSCO), 19 July 2018, Vienna, Austria Presentation by Juan Menéndez-Valdés, Director, Eurofound

19 Červenec 2018

Spain: AXA recognises workers’ right to turn phones off out of working hours

The beginning of 2017 witnessed increasing debate on allowing workers to disconnect their digital devices after working hours. In July 2017, insurance company AXA became the first company in Spain to recognise workers’ right to do so. The government is currently studying possible legislation in

Czech Republic: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

Continued growth in the Czech economy, staff shortages in the social services sector, the tightening of agency employment rules and legislative measures to regulate Uber are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the

Denmark: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

Recommendations to position Denmark as a digital frontrunner in Europe, legislative proposals for health and safety and the terms of reference of the working environment committee are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life

Italy: New rules to protect self-employed workers and regulate ICT-based mobile work

Italy’s parliament has approved new legislation giving protection to self-employed workers and regulating ICT-based mobile work. Employer organisations have generally welcomed it, but unions criticise the legislation for its weak wording, the limited leeway left to collective bargaining, and for the

Germany: Working time back on the social partners' agenda

Working time is set to be a high priority during the next collective bargaining round, according to the German Metalworkers’ Union (IG Metall), whose recent survey looked at working time satisfaction. Another survey, by the Federation of German Employers’ Associations in the Metal and Electrical

Spain: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The inability of the national social partners to agree salary recommendations; digital disconnection after working hours; and the effects of the increase in the minimum wage on employment are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

France: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Preparations for the presidential election and a revival of national social dialogue with the signing of a new collective agreement on the unemployment insurance scheme are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France


Blogs results (23)
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Whatever the benefits of telework – and there are many, including more flexible working time, increased productivity and less commuting – there are drawbacks, as many of the one-third of Europeans who were exclusively working from home during the pandemic will attest. Primary among these is the ‘alw

3 Prosinec 2020
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As Europe braces for a winter wave of the Coronavirus, behind the public health indicators that rightly dominate the headlines, a revolution in working life is under way. In early spring, millions of people throughout Europe took their work home and tried to rapidly adjust to the new world in which

12 Listopad 2020
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Fear has been mounting in the debate around new technologies and the implications for the future of work. But the Coronavirus outbreak is unveiling some real positives of technological advances. Digital communication tools are supporting and enhancing working from home, while innovative companies

6 Duben 2020
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We hear more and more about the platform economy, with the debate often revolving around the potential long-term implications of its growth on the labour market and the impact on traditional and established businesses and industries.

28 Leden 2020
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It feels like every day there are new articles or blog posts about how Uber drivers are exploited, or on the bad working conditions and safety standards for Deliveroo riders. In an era of ‘fake news’ can we trust that these are accurate? They most likely are, and I agree that things are not all rosy

17 Říjen 2019
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The spread of ICT in the economy is changing both the types of jobs that employ people and the types of tasks that people perform in their jobs. The latest research on the content of work suggests that computerisation has boosted the proportion of jobs with social interaction at their core, while at

1 Červenec 2019
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Imagine you’re at work and something happens: you have to leave to visit a client, you have to go home to let in the plumber, or you have to collect the kids from school as the football training has just been cancelled. If you’re lucky, your employer gives you the flexibility to do this. If you’re

14 Květen 2019
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In the abstract, platform work is the matching of supply and demand for paid work through an online platform. In practice, most people are likely to have encountered it through big online platforms such as Uber, Deliveroo or Amazon Mechanical Turk. This is a new form employment that began to emerge

2 Listopad 2018
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Manual jobs in European manufacturing are being transformed as blue-collar workers take on more intellectual tasks. This is a consequence of the increasing use of digital tools and the growing importance of quality control in production. The severe losses of middle-paying jobs in the manufacturing

27 Září 2018

Upcoming publications results (4)

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

Over the last decade, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have changed the way employees work and communicate with each other. Despite the many benefits of digitalisation of work, the widespread access to digital devices in working life provides an alternative medium for new forms of a

September 2024

This report investigates regional employment dynamics in Europe before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the subsequent recovery from the crisis. Almost 90% of regions across the EU had exceeded their pre-pandemic employment levels by 2022. However, significant regional disparities in emp

August 2024

The interaction between workers and robots is expected to increase in modern workplaces due to rapid advancements in robotic technologies. Advanced robots often leverage progress in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and sensor technologies to achieve a higher level of sophistication and

July 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Data results (1)
24 Říjen 2023
Reference period:

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