Social implications of the just transition: Citizen support, behavioural adaptation, and policy impact in Europe

This research report examines Europeans’ experiences of the green transition at a time when competitiveness has become a central EU policy priority. Using quantitative analysis of EU-wide data, it identifies who supports green policies, who is changing behaviour, and who risks being left behind. Combining this with a comparative policy analysis across all 27 Member States, including reflections on the use of behavioural insights in green public policy, the report highlights critical gaps and provides evidence-based guidance for aligning competitiveness with an effective and equitable green transition.