Brezposelnost
Dolgotrajna brezposelnost, brezposelnost mladih in povečanje števila podzaposlenih ali prisilnih delavcev s krajšim delovnim časom ostajajo skrb v mnogih državah članicah. Brezposelnost, zlasti dolgoročna brezposelnost, povečuje tveganje socialne izključenosti, revščine in neenakosti ter povečuje stroške socialnih storitev in javnih financ. Po evropskem stebru socialnih pravic imajo brezposelni ljudje pravico do osebne, stalne in dosledne podpore, vključno z ustreznimi nadomestili za brezposelnost razumnega trajanja.
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Social protection 2.0: Unemployment and minimum income benefits
This report focuses on unemployment and minimum income benefits for people of working age. Individuals with short or no employment records (mainly young people), the self-employed, those with non-standard working arrangements, and the long-term unemployed are often not entitled to higher-tier, or any, unemployment benefits. No Member State was identified where more than 80% of those entitled to minimum income benefits receive them. Benefit recipients at higher risk of having an inadequate income include those without access to social housing in areas with high housing costs, unemployed individuals whose most recent job was low paid and the long-term unemployed people. The report also investigates the rejection of applications (frequently, around 30% are rejected), the digitalisation of application processes (most common for unemployment benefits) and economic activation requirements (typically, 1–6% of benefit recipients annually are sanctioned for not complying with activity requirements) and service entitlements.
Social protection for the unemployed - Background paper
This background paper focuses on one important aspect of social protection: unemployment benefits, both first tier (usually contributory) and lower tier (predominantly tax-based, non-contributory and means-tested). Unemployment benefits help to cushion the impact of job loss on household finances and act as an economic stabiliser. The paper examines trends in expenditure on unemployment benefits, identifies gaps in formal coverage, discusses groups for whom benefits are inadequate, and looks at non-take-up, rejection decisions, digitalisation of application procedures, and links between unemployment benefits and service entitlements.
Measures to tackle labour shortages: Lessons for future policy
As economies begin to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic, labour shortages are becoming increasingly evident despite the impact of the war in Ukraine on energy and commodity prices. These include shortages exacerbated by the crisis in some sectors and professions where they had been endemic for some time. This report looks at measures implemented at national level to tackle labour shortages in the health, care, and information and communication technology sectors, as well as those arising from the twin green and digital transition. It assesses what measures are effective and explores the contextual factors supporting or hindering effective policy implementation and outcomes.
Raziskovalci agencije Eurofound zagotavljajo strokovno znanje in jih je mogoče kontaktirati za vprašanja ali poizvedbe medijev.
Tadas Leončikas
Head of UnitTadas Leončikas je od septembra 2022 vodja enote za zaposlovanje pri Eurofoundu. Pred tem je bil višji vodja raziskav v enoti za socialne politike, kjer je vodil evropsko raziskavo o kakovosti življenja (EQLS) in razvijal Eurofoundovo raziskavo. Odkar se je leta 2010 pridružil Eurofoundu, se je ukvarjal z različnimi temami, vključno z metodami raziskav, kakovostjo življenja, socialno mobilnostjo, socialno vključenostjo, zaupanjem in stanovanjskimi pomanjkljivostmi. V svoji prejšnji karieri je vodil Inštitut za etnične študije v Litvi, kjer je delal na študijah, povezanih s položajem etničnih manjšin, migrantov in drugih ranljivih skupin. Kot raziskovalec je v preteklosti sodeloval z Agencijo Evropske unije za temeljne pravice, Programom Združenih narodov za razvoj in Mednarodno organizacijo za migracije. Ima doktorat iz sociologije.
Massimiliano Mascherini
Head of UnitMassimiliano Mascherini je od oktobra 2019 vodja enote za socialne politike pri Eurofoundu. Eurofoundu se je pridružil leta 2009 kot vodja raziskav, kjer je oblikoval in koordiniral projekte o zaposlovanju mladih, NEET-ih in enakosti spolov. Leta 2017 je postal višji vodja raziskav in vodil nove raziskave o spremljanju konvergence v EU. Poleg tega je vodil zasnovo Evropske raziskave kakovosti življenja 2026. Leta 2025 je prejel nagrado Brendan Walsh za najboljši članek, objavljen v Economic and Social Review. Prej je bil znanstveni sodelavec v Skupnem raziskovalnem centru Evropske komisije. Študiral je na Univerzi v Firencah, kjer je študiral aktuarske in statistične vede ter pridobil doktorat iz uporabne statistike. Leta 2014 je pridobil znanstveno kvalifikacijo kot izredni profesor socialne statistike in demografije na italijanskem ministrstvu za univerze in raziskave. Bil je gostujoči sodelavec na Univerzi v Sydneyju in na Univerzi v Aalborgu ter gostujoči profesor na Papeški akademiji družbenih znanosti.
Hans Dubois
Senior research managerHans Dubois je višji vodja raziskav v enoti za socialne politike pri Eurofoundu. Njegove raziskovalne teme vključujejo stanovanja, prezadolženost, zdravstveno varstvo, dolgotrajno oskrbo, socialne ugodnosti, upokojitev in kakovost življenja na lokalnem območju. Preden se je pridružil Eurofoundu, je bil docent na Univerzi Kozminski (Varšava). Doktoriral je iz poslovne administracije in managementa na Univerzi Bocconi (Milano), potem ko je delal kot raziskovalec na Evropskem observatoriju za zdravstvene sisteme in politike (Madrid).
John Hurley
Senior research managerJohn Hurley is a senior research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He took up the role of research manager in February 2012. He contributes to a number of research projects including the European Jobs Monitor and has authored or co-authored over 20 reports as well as journal contributions and edited collections during his time at Eurofound. His main research interests are in the areas of comparative labour market analysis, restructuring and the changing world of work. John is a graduate of both Trinity College Dublin and University College Dublin.
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