Invaliditet i kronične bolesti
Invaliditet ili kronična bolest općenito se definira kao trajno zdravstveno stanje koje ograničava svakodnevne aktivnosti osobe ili njezinu sposobnost interakcije sa svijetom oko sebe na ravnopravnoj osnovi s drugima. Kako stanovništvo EU-a stari, raste broj osoba s invaliditetom ili kroničnim zdravstvenim problemima. Za mnoge Europljane s invaliditetom ili kroničnim bolestima postoje mnoge prepreke koje ih sprečavaju da u potpunosti sudjeluju u svakodnevnom životu, a pristup tržištu rada i dalje je jedan od glavnih izazova. Promicanje aktivnog uključivanja i prava osoba s invaliditetom ili kroničnim bolestima u društvu prioritet je programa EU-a.
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Alati politike zapošljavanja osoba s invaliditetom za angažman poslodavaca - Pozadinski rad
Ovaj pozadinski dokument razmatra kontekst politike EU-a u vezi sudjelovanja osoba s invaliditetom na tržištu rada, razmatra glavne prepreke iza jaza zaposlenosti osoba s invaliditetom te iznosi alate politike i prakse na radnom mjestu koje podržavaju njihovo zapošljavanje, zadržavanje i razvoj karijere.Paths towards independent living and social inclusion in Europe for people with a disability - Background paper
This background paper looks at the EU policy context regarding deinstitutionalisation for people with long-term care needs, analyses trends and outlines strategies supporting independent living.Respondents with disabilities hit harder by unmet medical needs
Eurofound’s 2024 e-survey shows that people with disabilities in Europe are more than twice as likely as others to face unmet medical needs, with 40% reporting barriers in accessing healthcare. Financial situation, age, employment status and limited transport, especially in rural areas, are among the main reasons, underscoring persistent inequalities despite EU commitments to equal treatment.Na temelju podataka iz Europskog istraživanja o kvaliteti života (EQLS) i Europskog istraživanja o radnim uvjetima (EWCS), kao i drugih istraživanja, Eurofound proučava nejednakosti i izazove s kojima se suočavaju osobe s invaliditetom te pristupe politikama koji bi se mogli istražiti.
Podaci iz e-ankete "Život i rad u EU-uosvjetljavaju situaciju osoba s invaliditetom tijekom pandemije, uspoređujući njihovu situaciju u pogledu pristupa zdravstvenoj skrbi, mentalne dobrobiti, financijske situacije i optimizma u pogledu budućnosti.
Istraživanjem se ispituju i kretanja politika u državama članicama EU-a usmjerena na potporu uključivanju osoba s invaliditetom na otvoreno tržište rada, s posebnim naglaskom na tri faze zapošljavanja, ostanka na poslu i povratka na posao nakon odsutnosti. U njemu se istražuju mehanizmi i djelotvornost mjera politike koje su bile na snazi prije pandemije te se pruža ažurirana analiza ranih mjera politike uspostavljenih nakon pandemije.
Publikacija: Invaliditet i integracija na tržište rada: Trendovi politika i potpora u državama članicama EU-a
Europska komisija predstavila je 3. ožujka 2021. svoju Strategiju za prava osoba s invaliditetom za razdoblje 2021. – 2030. Nadovezujući se na prethodnu 10-godišnju strategiju za razdoblje 2010. – 2020., njome se nastoji osigurati da osobe s invaliditetom mogu u potpunosti sudjelovati u društvu na ravnopravnoj osnovi s drugima. Iako je u proteklim desetljećima postignut napredak u pristupu zdravstvenoj skrbi, obrazovanju, zapošljavanju, rekreacijskim aktivnostima i sudjelovanju u političkom životu, još mnogo toga treba učiniti kako bi se uklonile prepreke. U njemu se utvrđuju ključne inicijative u okviru triju glavnih tema: prava EU-a; samostalan život i autonomija; nediskriminacije i jednakih mogućnosti. Komisija je 2022. kao vodeću inicijativu predstavila paket za poboljšanje ishoda osoba s invaliditetom na tržištu rada. A 2024. postignut je politički dogovor o Komisijinu prijedlogu direktive o uspostavi europske iskaznice za osobe s invaliditetom i europske parkirne karte za osobe s invaliditetom.
Strategijom za osobe s invaliditetom pridonosi se Akcijskom planu za provedbu europskog stupa socijalnih prava , koji je Komisija predstavila 4. ožujka 2021. Stup, koji su institucije EU-a službeno proglasile u studenome 2017., odražava zajedničku predanost pružanju zdravog, sigurnog i dobro prilagođenog radnog okruženja za radnike u EU-u. Naglašava pravo na jednako postupanje i jednake mogućnosti u pogledu zapošljavanja, socijalne zaštite, obrazovanja i pristupa dobrima i uslugama dostupnima javnosti, bez obzira na invaliditet.
Desetogodišnjom strategijom pruža se okvir za potporu mjerama na razini EU-a i država članica za provedbu Konvencije Ujedinjenih naroda o pravima osoba s invaliditetom (UNCRPD), koju je UN donio 2006.
Europska komisija: Unija ravnopravnosti: Strategija za prava osoba s invaliditetom za razdoblje 2021.–2030opens in new tab
Europska komisija: Europski dan osoba s invaliditetom 2024opens in new tab
Europska komisija: Akcijski plan za provedbu europskog stupa socijalnih pravaopens in new tab
Europska komisija: Osobe s invaliditetomopens in new tab
Ujedinjeni narodi:Konvencija o pravima osoba s invaliditetom (CRPD)opens in new tab
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13 January 2025
Quality of life in the EU in 2024: Results from the Living and Working in the EU e-survey
Eurofound’s e-survey captures the situation of European respondents and their post-pandemic concerns. This factsheet outlines the most recent data on the main challenges faced by Europeans, with a particular emphasis on the rising cost of living, health and mental health, access to healthcare services, work–life balance, and changes in telework opportunities. View the publication or read the findings in digital format via the related content.
21 March 2022
People with disabilities and the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey
A new European Disability Strategy was launched in 2021 with the aim of intensifying progress on ensuring the full participation of people with disabilities in society. The increase of EU policy focus on people with disabilities is timely: the COVID-19 pandemic magnified the challenges they faced in many spheres of their lives.
This policy brief explores the situation of Europeans with disabilities during the pandemic. Using data from the third round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey, conducted in February–March 2021, it compares the situation of respondents with and without disabilities in four areas: access to healthcare, mental well-being, financial situation and optimism about the future. The analyses show that on all indicators the situation of people with disabilities was significantly worse.
18 April 2021
Disability and labour market integration: Policy trends and support in EU Member States
This report examines policy developments in EU Member States aimed at supporting the inclusion of people with disabilities in the open labour market, with a particular focus on the three stages of entering into employment, staying in the job and returning to work after an absence. It explores the mechanisms and effectiveness of more than 150 different policy measures designed to address the dimensions in place in the EU before the COVID-19 pandemic: job creation, labour supply, labour demand and contextual factors. In addition, it provides an updated analysis of early policy measures created in the wake of the pandemic that aimed to support the labour market situation of people with disabilities. A country case study on Ireland complements the study by outlining the complexity of disability and support systems from a broader perspective. The report builds on the lessons learned and provides policy pointers to improve the integration of people with disabilities into the open labour market.
8 October 2020
Access to care services: Early childhood education and care, healthcare and long-term care
The right of access to good-quality care services is highlighted in the European Pillar of Social Rights. This report focuses on three care services: early childhood education and care (ECEC), healthcare, and long-term care. Access to these services has been shown to contribute to reducing inequalities throughout the life cycle and achieving equality for women and persons with disabilities. Drawing on input from the Network of Eurofound Correspondents and Eurofound’s own research, the report presents an overview of the current situation in various EU Member States, Norway and the UK, outlining barriers to the take-up of care services and differences in access issues between population groups. It pays particular attention to three areas that have the potential to improve access to services: ECEC for children with disabilities and special educational needs, e-healthcare and respite care.
15 October 2019
How to respond to chronic health problems in the workplace?
The number of workers living with chronic health conditions is rising in the EU. Such conditions affect people’s ability to work to varying degrees. While some are unable to continue working, many wish to and would be able to do so if their workplace made adaptations to accommodate their needs. Maintaining labour force participation is a key issue for policymakers in the context of demographic ageing and a falling working-age population.
This policy brief examines chronic disease in EU workplaces: its prevalence, the impact on ability to work, the extent that workplaces are making adjustments for workers with chronic disease and the effect of that on job quality. It finds that most workers with a chronic disease that limits their ability to work do not benefit from workplace accommodation. It also finds that such adaptations can have a positive impact on the quality and sustainability of work.
30 November 2018
Social and employment situation of people with disabilities
People with disabilities are among the most disadvantaged groups in the EU. This policy brief examines the social situation of people of working age with disabilities, using data from the 2011 and 2016 rounds of the European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS). The brief looks at changes over this period in employment, education and training, participation in society, social protection and healthcare, all priority areas of the European Disability Strategy. The brief also looks at the subjective well-being of this group of Europeans and examines the factors that influence their well-being. Among its policy pointers, the brief highlights the work that must be done to improve the employment situation of people with disabilities.
Istraživači Eurofounda pružaju stručne uvide i mogu ih se kontaktirati za pitanja ili upite medija.
Daphne Ahrendt
Senior research managerDaphne Ahrendt viša je voditeljica istraživanja u odjelu za socijalne politike u Eurofoundu. Otkako se pridružila Eurofoundu 2013., njezin je rad obuhvaćao širok raspon područja socijalne politike. Trenutačno koordinira Eurofoundove aktivnosti upravljanja anketama i razvoja te vodi pripremu i analizu e-anketa o bolesti COVID-19. Daphne ima više od 20 godina iskustva kao istraživačica radeći na međunarodnim istraživanjima, a prethodno je radila u Jedinici Eurobarometra pri Europskoj komisiji i u Nacionalnom centru za društvena istraživanja u Londonu gdje je radila na Međunarodnom programu društvenih istraživanja. Daphne je magistrirala politiku kaznenog pravosuđa na London School of Economics i diplomirala političke znanosti na Državnom sveučilištu San Francisco.
Oscar Vargas Llave
Senior research managerOscar Vargas Llave is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and manages projects on changes in the world of work and the impact on working conditions and related policies: organisation of working time, remote work, the right to disconnect, health and well-being and ageing. Before joining Eurofound in December 2009, he worked as project coordinator in the field of health and safety and was responsible for the Professional Card Scheme for the Construction Sector in Spain at the non-profit Fundación Laboral de la Construcción in Madrid. He has a background in industrial sociology (Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca), and also holds a Diploma in Social Science Research Methods from the University of Cardiff and a Master’s degree in Health and Safety from the Autonomous University of Madrid.
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