Estrutura de emprego
A estrutura de emprego reflete a mudança no emprego entre ocupações e setores, usando vários indicadores de qualidade do emprego. O debate atual sobre mudanças na estrutura do emprego está focado em até que ponto os padrões observados de polarização e atualização do emprego contribuíram para as tendências de desigualdade salarial e para a retração da classe média na Europa.
Encontre abaixo os conteúdos mais recentes sobre este tema.
Mudança estrutural nos mercados de trabalho da UE: uma geração de mudanças no emprego
O presente relatório resume a evolução estrutural dos mercados de trabalho da UE entre 1995 e 2024. Descreve, em particular, as tendências do emprego profissional e setorial a nível dos Estados-Membros e dos agregados da UE – principalmente a profissionalização e a atualização profissional do emprego, por um lado, e a transferência do emprego para os serviços que está a ocorrer em todos os mercados de trabalho dos Estados-Membros, por outro.Tarefas profissionais na UE: implicações para a escassez de competências e de mão-de-obra
Este documento fornece novas evidências sobre os tipos de tarefas que são realizadas no trabalho na União Europeia (UE). Destaca as recentes alterações na composição estrutural do emprego na UE-27.Regional employment change and the geography of telework in Europe
The fast and steady recovery in employment following the COVID-19 pandemic in the EU benefited from proactive policy responses to the crisis and from resilient labour markets. Almost 90% of regions across the EU had exceeded their pre-pandemic employment levels by 2022; however, significant regional disparities remain. EU regions fared differently, depending on their economic specialisation and notably on the concentration of jobs in knowledge-intensive services that can be performed remotely. The geography of telework across EU regions was primarily shaped by differences in occupational structure, and fast internet connectivity remains an essential enabling factor. Recent initiatives to support remote work in rural, peripheral or marginalised areas through the creation of coworking spaces show how dynamism and diversity in rural economies can be promoted.
Esta é uma seleção dos resultados mais importantes sobre este tema.
14 December 2021
European Jobs Monitor 2021: Gender gaps and the employment structure
One of the most striking developments of the last half-century has been the huge rise in the labour market participation of women. Two out of every three net new jobs created over the last two decades in the EU were taken by women. At the same time, sharply rising employment rates among older workers due to population ageing and policy changes have increased the share of older workers in the labour market. This report examines the impacts of the changing contours of labour supply on the employment structure over the last quarter-century in Europe (1995–2019). The primary focus is on gender, with a secondary focus on ageing. Among the main findings are that employment shares in gender-balanced jobs have declined despite the rising female share of employment and that gender pay gaps are highest in well-paid jobs.
10 July 2026
Monitor Europeu de Empregos (EJM)
7 October 2019
European Jobs Monitor 2019: Shifts in the employment structure at regional level
Accumulating evidence indicates that large metropolitan centres are faring much better than other regions within the Member States of the EU. Such interregional inequality contributes to disenchantment with existing political systems, which in turn can weaken the social bonds that ground democratic systems. This is the context for the 2019 edition of the European Jobs Monitor, which analyses shifts in the employment structure – meaning change in the distribution of employment across occupations and sectors – of the EU regions. The analysis covers 130 regions of 9 Member States, which together account for nearly 4 out of 5 EU workers. The study finds that, while Member States are becoming more similar in their employment structures, regions within the same country are becoming more disparate. It also finds that cities have a disproportionately high share of well-paid, high-skilled services employment alongside growth in low-paid employment. The findings support continued EU regional policy assistance of regions in danger of being left behind.
Os investigadores da Eurofound disponibilizam os seus conhecimentos especializados e podem ser contactados para questões ou pedidos dos meios de comunicação social.
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Senior research managerCarlos Vacas Soriano é gerente sênior de pesquisa na unidade de Emprego da Eurofound. Ele trabalha em temas relacionados a desigualdades salariais e de renda, salários mínimos, baixos salários, qualidade do emprego, emprego temporário e segmentação, e qualidade do emprego. Antes de ingressar na Eurofound em 2010, trabalhou como analista macroeconômico para a Comissão Europeia e como pesquisador em mercados de trabalho europeus no Banco Central da Espanha. Possui mestrado em Estudos Econômicos Europeus pelo College of Europe em Bruges e doutorado em Economia do Trabalho pela Universidade de Salamanca (Doutor Europaeus).
John Hurley
Senior research managerJohn Hurley is a senior research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He took up the role of research manager in February 2012. He contributes to a number of research projects including the European Jobs Monitor and has authored or co-authored over 20 reports as well as journal contributions and edited collections during his time at Eurofound. His main research interests are in the areas of comparative labour market analysis, restructuring and the changing world of work. John is a graduate of both Trinity College Dublin and University College Dublin.
Esta secção dá acesso a todos os conteúdos publicados sobre este tema.
