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Socijalni partneri
"Socijalni partneri" izraz je koji se u Europi općenito koristi za označavanje predstavnika socijalnih partnera (organizacija poslodavaca i sindikata), a u nekim kontekstima i javnih tijela koja sudjeluju u socijalnom dijalogu. Pojam "europski socijalni partneri" posebno se odnosi na one organizacije na razini EU-a koje su uključene u europski socijalni dijalog, predviđen člancima 154. i 155. Socijalni partneri imaju ključnu ulogu u upravljanju radnim odnosom i ključni su akteri u sustavima industrijskih odnosa. U većini država članica EU-a one oblikuju radne uvjete i utječu na socijalnu politiku, bilo kolektivnim pregovaranjem ili tripartitnim socijalnim dijalogom. Oni su isprepleteni dijelovi višerazinskog sustava upravljanja koji uključuje europsku, nacionalnu, sektorsku, regionalnu (pokrajinsku ili lokalnu), razinu poduzeća i poslovnog nastana.
Najnoviji sadržaj o ovoj temi pronađite u nastavku.
Mjesto za stolom, ali tko odlučuje? Socijalni partneri u upravljanju javnim zapošljavanjem i institucijama socijalne sigurnosti
Ovaj članak ispituje uključenost sindikata i organizacija poslodavaca u upravljanje javnim službama zapošljavanja i institucijama socijalne sigurnosti u 27 država članica EU-a i Norveškoj te izvještava o njihovom utjecaju, ako ga imaju, u tim institucijama.Reprezentativnost europskih organizacija socijalnih partnera: Osobne usluge – sektor kose i ljepote – 2026.
Ova studija pruža informacije koje omogućuju procjenu reprezentativnosti aktera uključenih u Europski sektorski odbor za socijalni dijalog za sektor osobnih usluga.Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Railways and urban public transport – 2026
This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the railways and urban public transport sector.Eurofound istražuje i izvješćuje o razvoju događaja u vezi sa socijalnim partnerima te istražuje kako su oni odgovorili u državama članicama EU-a i Norveškoj na brojne nove političke, pravne i socijalne izazove koji su se pojavili posljednjih godina.
UFEU-om se prepoznaje i promiče uloga socijalnih partnera na razini EU-a te se dokumentira predanost EU-a olakšavanju dijaloga među socijalnim partnerima, poštujući njihovu autonomiju. To priznanje vidljivo je iz donošenja višegodišnjih programa rada socijalnih partnera. U tim programima socijalni partneri sami određuju svoje prioritete i pregovarački program te odlučuju o odgovarajućim instrumentima za socijalni dijalog.
Tijekom godina europske institucije sve više prepoznaju ulogu socijalnih partnera na razini EU-a. To se, primjerice, odražava u uspostavi godišnjeg tripartitnog socijalnog samita između Europskog vijeća, Europske komisije i socijalnih partnera, čime se potonjima omogućuje da u kontekstu svojeg socijalnog dijaloga doprinesu različitim sastavnicama gospodarskog i socijalnog upravljanja EU-a. Glavne međusektorske organizacije koje predstavljaju socijalne partnere na razini EU-a su:
Europska konfederacija sindikata (ETUC)
Konfederacija europskih poduzetnika (BusinessEurope)
Udruženje obrta i malih i srednjih poduzeća u Europi (SMEunited, bivši UEAPME)
Europski centar poslodavaca i poduzeća koji pružaju javne usluge i usluge od općeg interesa (CEEP)
Socijalni partneri imaju istaknutu ulogu u oblikovanju socijalnog zakonodavstva EU-a. Komisija se mora savjetovati sa socijalnim partnerima prije podnošenja prijedloga u području socijalne politike u okviru obveznog postupka savjetovanja u dvije faze (članak 154. UFEU-a). Nadalje, socijalni partneri mogu pregovarati o sporazumima koji se mogu provoditi samostalno u skladu s nacionalnim praksama ili se na njihov zahtjev mogu provoditi na razini EU-a odlukom Vijeća (članak 155. UFEU-a). U tom su smislu sporazumi sa socijalnim partnerima koji se provode na razini EU-a imali važnu ulogu u razvoju socijalne pravne stečevine EU-a.
Osim toga, europska institucionalna tijela smatraju da su socijalni partneri ključni za razvoj europskog semestra, ciklusa koordinacije ekonomskih i fiskalnih politika unutar EU-a. Iako uloga socijalnih partnera u semestru nije jasno utvrđena u zakonodavnom okviru, njihovo je sudjelovanje prepoznato i ojačano u Uredbi 1175/2011 o nadzoru stanja proračuna te nadzoru i koordinaciji ekonomskih politika. Obnovljeni europski semestar, pokrenut 2015., omogućuje više vremena za dijalog i veću uključenost socijalnih partnera na svim razinama. Komisija i međusektorski socijalni partneri potpisali su u ožujku 2025. zajednički pakt o jačanju europskog socijalnog dijaloga. To se temelji na Deklaraciji socijalnih partnera Val Duchesse iz 2024.
Europska komisija: Komisija i socijalni partneri potpisali zajednički pakt za jačanje socijalnog dijaloga u Europiopens in new tab
Europska komisija: Europski semestaropens in new tab
Europska komisija: Savjetovanja sa socijalnim partnerimaopens in new tab
BusinessEurope: Europski socijalni dijalog – program rada za razdoblje 2022.–2024opens in new tab
Ovo je izbor najvažnijih rezultata za ovu temu.
31 March 2025
National-level social governance of the European Semester and the Recovery and Resilience Facility
The Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) is integrated into the European Semester framework for economic and social policy coordination. It is the cornerstone of the NextGenerationEU package and provides funds to Member States for the implementation of the reforms and investments in their recovery and resilience plans until the end of 2026.
This report looks at the extent and quality of social partner involvement in the European Semester and in the RRF. It examines the question of how the social partners have been involved in the design and implementation of national recovery and resilience plans and how satisfied they have been with this involvement. It also aims to identify general trends in the implementation of the national plans, with a particular focus on measures in the social policy field. The involvement of the social partners came to the fore with the adoption of a new economic governance framework in April 2024, which introduced national medium-term fiscal-structural plans on which the social partners need to be consulted.
19 July 2023
Supporting regions in the just transition: Role of social partners
This report investigates the involvement of social partners in the just transition to a climate-neutral economy, with a particular focus on the territorial just transition plans. These plans aim to support the regions most negatively affected by the just transition by assisting workers to retrain, relocate and find other jobs, and also support industries that need to phase out fossil fuels or other greenhouse gas-intensive activities. The role and input of the social partners in these plans and their views on the just transition are explored. An analysis of social dialogue practices and examples of collective agreements shows the range of topics covered by the social partners. The report also investigates the role of the energy crisis in the just transition and how it has contributed to delays in the implementation of territorial just transition plans in certain Member States.
10 December 2021
Social partners going digital: Using digital tools and adapting social dialogue processes
Digital transformation is changing the world of work. This report looks at how social partners – the actors involved in the regulation of employment relationships – are increasingly adopting technological solutions to improve the services that they provide to their members and facilitate collective bargaining processes. Technological tools offer social partners the opportunity to enhance consultation, engage with their members through digitised processes, improve services and increase networking activities, as well as addressing the issue of membership decline. The findings of this report show that the extent to which the social partners use digital technologies varies greatly across the EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. Provisions in collective agreements on several aspects of digitalisation have been identified in about half of the countries. Through these provisions, social partners encourage their members to boost training on digital skills, ensure fair and safe working conditions and take account of data protection and employee monitoring practices. The European social partners’ autonomous framework agreement on digitalisation has provided inspiration to national-level organisations, and follow-up actions in this regard have the potential to greatly benefit their members.
9 March 2021
Involvement of social partners in policymaking during the COVID-19 outbreak
Since 2016, Eurofound has closely monitored the involvement of national social partners in policymaking as part of the European Semester cycle. In 2020, the focus was on their involvement during the first months of the COVID-19 outbreak. While the pandemic has presented a huge challenge to social dialogue, the results of the analysis highlight how social dialogue can be an effective tool in shaping policy initiatives and finding solutions to emergency situations affecting businesses, workers, the economy and society. It is clear that the participation of social partners in the design and implementation of national recovery and resilience plans in 2021 will be key in the recovery process and for strengthening social dialogue going forward.
30 August 2020
Role of social partners in tackling discrimination at work
This report assesses the role of the social partners in tackling workplace discrimination. Against the background of EU and national anti-discrimination legislation, it highlights the extent to which the need to tackle discrimination on different grounds is on the radar of cross-sectoral social partners. It also provides an overview of the measures taken to deal with the persistent incidence of discrimination on the grounds of age, disability, race or ethnic origin, religion or belief, and sexual orientation or gender identity.
24 June 2020
COVID-19: Policy responses across Europe
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of individuals and societies, including on the economy and labour markets, is unprecedented. The impact of the global health emergency has placed a growing number of businesses under threat, putting the jobs of more and more workers at risk and impacting the livelihoods of many citizens. Policymakers moved swiftly in an effort to mitigate the social and economic effects on businesses, workers and citizens. Eurofound’s COVID-19 EU PolicyWatch database provides information on initiatives introduced to cushion these effects. Drawing on the content of this database of around 500 policy initiatives (April 2020), this report aims to present an overview of both large-scale government measures and collective agreements that impact on large groups of workers, setting this in the context of the evolving labour market situation.
Data: COVID-19 EU PolicyWatch
10 September 2020
Capacity building for effective social dialogue in the European Union
The aim of this report is to add to the discussion on how Eurofound can contribute to supporting capacity building of social partners for effective social dialogue. The report includes a review by Eurofound aimed at identifying the capacity-building needs and initiatives of social partners in relation to national frameworks for autonomous collective bargaining, involvement in European social dialogue and the European Semester, and the development of membership and services for members. It also includes the results from stakeholder consultations and two exchange seminars held in 2019, along with a set of policy pointers for further discussion.
6 December 2019
European sectoral social dialogue: Facts and figures
European sectoral social dialogue plays an important role in promoting dialogue between the social partners in industrial sectors at European level. There are currently 43 European sectoral social dialogue committees that bring together the social partners from the EU Member States – representatives of trade unions and employer organisations – to engage in dialogue on behalf of specific sectors. This research report provides facts and figures on sectoral diversity, social partner organisations, and representativeness at EU, Member State and sectoral levels.
Istraživači Eurofounda pružaju stručne uvide i mogu ih se kontaktirati za pitanja ili upite medija.
Angelina Atanasova
Research support officerAngelina Atanasova je službenica za podršku istraživanju u jedinici za radni život pri Eurofoundu. Njezine trenutne istraživačke teme uključuju društveni dijalog i industrijske odnose, kao i prava osoba s invaliditetom te uključivanje osoba s invaliditetom na tržište rada. Prije nego što se pridružila Eurofoundu 2024., radila je kao viša analitičarka politika u Applied Research and Communications Fund, istraživačica u Europskom društvenom opservatoriju, znanstvena suradnica na KU Leuven i konzultantica za politiku u Open Society European Policy Institute. Doktorirala je iz sociologije prava EU sa KU Leuven i magistrirala javnu politiku sa Central European University. Njezina glavna istraživačka područja uključuju prava osoba s invaliditetom, socijalnu uključenost, socijalne partnere i društveni dijalog.
Peter Kerckhofs
Senior research managerPeter Kerckhofs viši je voditelj istraživanja u odjelu za radni vijek u Eurofoundu. Njegov je rad usmjeren na ulogu socijalnih partnera u europskom semestru, kao i na nacionalno izvješćivanje o razvoju industrijskih odnosa. Peter ima široku stručnost u razvoju metodologije za studije reprezentativnosti, primjeni europskih i nacionalnih kriterija reprezentativnosti u specifičnom kontekstu različitih sektora, a istovremeno akumulira dubinsko znanje o industrijskim odnosima u različitim sektorima. Peter je također radio na projektima povezanima s europskim radničkim vijećima i europskim sektorskim socijalnim dijalogom. Prije nego što se pridružio Eurofoundu, radio je kao istraživač za ETUI i UCL, kao politički tajnik za EMCEF i bio je znanstveni koordinator Doktorskog fakulteta Fakulteta društvenih znanosti KU Leuven. Diplomirao je socijalni rad i magistrirao političke znanosti na KU Leuvenu i međunarodne odnose na UCL-u, a doktorirao je industrijske odnose na Sveučilištu u Manchesteru.
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