Just transition
Just transition is the term used to describe the transition to a climate-neutral economy while securing the future and livelihoods of workers and their communities. A just transition to a climate-neutral economy provides and guarantees better and decent jobs, social protection, more training opportunities and greater job security for all workers affected by global warming and climate change policies.
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Cartografierea politicilor publice comportamentale verzi în UE
Această lucrare cartografiază măsura în care statele membre au construit capacitatea de a dezvolta și implementa astfel de politici informate comportamental. Identifică disparități substanțiale în întreaga UE, cu un tipar îngrijorător: țările aflate sub cea mai mare presiune de tranziție sunt adesea cele mai puțin echipate să proiecteze politici centrate pe om care ar ușura acest lucru.Sectorul IT în focus: Evoluția forței de muncă digitale din UE
Sectorul TIC conduce digitalizarea și adoptarea IA în toată Europa, însă lipsa forței de muncă calificate îi încetinește creșterea. Acest raport analizează ocuparea forței de muncă și condițiile de muncă pentru specialiștii TIC și provocările care modelează unul dintre cele mai critice sectoare ale UE.Social implications of the just transition: Citizen support, behavioural adaptation, and policy impact in Europe
This research report examines Europeans’ experiences of the green transition at a time when competitiveness has become a central EU policy priority. Using quantitative analysis of EU-wide data, it identifies who supports green policies, who is changing behaviour, and who risks being left behind. Combining this with a comparative policy analysis across all 27 Member States, including reflections on the use of behavioural insights in green public policy, the report highlights critical gaps and provides evidence-based guidance for aligning competitiveness with an effective and equitable green transition.Eurofound's research is shaped by the key challenges for social cohesion and a just transition in a changing environment. It covers the areas of working conditions, industrial relations, employment and living conditions, providing evidence that can assist policy action.
Main topics linked with the move towards a just transition include working conditions and sustainable work, employment and labour markets, digitalisation, the future of manufacturing, people’s living conditions and well-being, restructuring, skills and training and youth, among others. Research findings could potentially feed into the work of the Just Transition Platform, which assists EU Member States and regions to unlock the support available through the Just Transition Mechanism.
Eurofound also collaborates with the European Environment Agency (EEA) on research around the transition to a climate-neutral economy, in particular environmental and socioeconomic convergence.
A just transition at European level focuses on two core issues for transition, moving towards a green and digital Europe where no one will be left behind.
As a committed party to the Paris Climate Agreement, the EU submitted its long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategy to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in March 2020. It sets out the extent of the transition across sectors and regions and lays the ground for designing a just transition.
European Commission: 2050 long-term strategyopens in new tab
Green and digital transition
At the heart of the EU’s long-term strategy is the European Green Deal, which is one of six European Commission priorities for 2019–2024 and the compass to guide Member States towards a green transition that is fair for all citizens. It will contribute to the financing of the transition that Europe faces through its Just Transition Mechanism. In the political guidelines for the next European Commission 2024–2029, Ursula von der Leyen reiterated the importance of staying the course with the European Green Deal goals and committed to a significant increase in funding for a just transition across the next long-term budget. This will go hand in hand with the development of a Quality Jobs Roadmap.
European Commision: Political Guidelines 2024–2029opens in new tab
Responding to the way digital technology is changing our lives, another Commission priority is to create a Europe fit for the digital age, leading the transition to a healthy planet and a new digital world through its European Digital Strategy.
Strong social Europe for just transitions
In January 2020, the European Commission presented its Communication ‘A strong social Europe for just transitions’. This vision to reinforce social Europe prepared the way for an Action Plan to implement the European Pillar of Social Rights, which is the European social strategy to make sure that the ‘transitions of climate neutrality, digitalisation and demographic change are socially fair and just’.
Eurofound’s work related to the just transition links in with several of the Commission’s 2019–2024 priorities, and is highly relevant here.
European Commission: A European Green Dealopens in new tab
European Commission: An economy that works for peopleopens in new tab
European Commission: A Europe fit for the digital ageopens in new tab
Aceasta este o selecție a celor mai importante rezultate pentru acest subiect.
Watch the webinar - Eurofound LIVE: Is Europe's green transition in jeopardy?
2 August 2023
Green, clean and keen to converge? A convergence analysis of environmental quality of life in the EU
This report explores the dynamics of the environmental performance of the EU Member States and the extent to which the disparities in their performance have narrowed since the early 2000s. The report is a product of cooperation between Eurofound and the European Environment Agency, with the technical expertise in convergence of the former meeting the expertise in European environmental issues of the latter. It focuses on three levels of analysis: headline indicators, residential-level indicators and household-level indicators. In order to explore the multifaceted issue of environmental quality of life in the EU, the report investigates environmental indicators through a convergence analysis. The results suggest that the EU is on the right track to becoming carbon neutral, although the speed of the greening process varies among the Member States. A fast and steady improvement in performance can be seen for most of the indicators. One noteworthy finding is that the economic downturns of the past two decades negatively affected the household-level indicators examined, which focused on energy poverty.
19 July 2023
Supporting regions in the just transition: Role of social partners
This report investigates the involvement of social partners in the just transition to a climate-neutral economy, with a particular focus on the territorial just transition plans. These plans aim to support the regions most negatively affected by the just transition by assisting workers to retrain, relocate and find other jobs, and also support industries that need to phase out fossil fuels or other greenhouse gas-intensive activities. The role and input of the social partners in these plans and their views on the just transition are explored. An analysis of social dialogue practices and examples of collective agreements shows the range of topics covered by the social partners. The report also investigates the role of the energy crisis in the just transition and how it has contributed to delays in the implementation of territorial just transition plans in certain Member States.
Cercetătorii Eurofound oferă expertiză și pot fi contactați pentru întrebări sau solicitări din partea mass-mediei.
Marianna Baggio
Research officerMarianna Baggio este ofițer de cercetare în cadrul unității de politici sociale din cadrul Eurofound, lucrând la aspecte ale Sondajului european privind calitatea vieții (EQLS), precum și pe teme precum transparența salarială de gen și îngrijirea informală. Înainte de a se alătura Eurofound, a lucrat ca analist de politici la Centrul de competențe pentru informații comportamentale al Centrului Comun de Cercetare al Comisiei Europene. A lucrat ca postdoc la Universitatea Vita-Salute San Raffaele (Milano) și la Universitatea din Trento. De asemenea, ea aduce o experiență vastă dintr-un rol anterior de ofițer de responsabilitate socială corporativă (CSR) în Africa de Sud. Marianna deține un doctorat în economie și management de la Universitatea din Trento, specializată în economie comportamentală.
Massimiliano Mascherini
Head of UnitMassimiliano Mascherini este șeful unității de politici sociale la Eurofound din octombrie 2019. S-a alăturat Eurofound în 2009 ca manager de cercetare, proiectând și coordonând proiecte privind ocuparea forței de muncă a tinerilor, NEET-uri și egalitatea de gen. În 2017, a devenit manager senior de cercetare și a condus noi cercetări privind monitorizarea convergenței în UE. În plus, a condus conceptualizarea Sondajului European privind Calitatea Vieții 2026. În 2025, a primit premiul Brendan Walsh pentru cea mai bună lucrare publicată în Economic and Social Review. Anterior, a fost ofițer științific la Centrul Comun de Cercetare al Comisiei Europene. A studiat la Universitatea din Florența, unde s-a specializat în științe actuariale și statistice și a obținut un doctorat în Statistică Aplicată. În 2014, a obținut o calificare științifică ca profesor asociat de Statistică Socială și Demografie la Ministerul Universitar și Cercetării din Italia. A fost cercetător invitat la Universitatea din Sydney și la Universitatea Aalborg și profesor invitat la Academia Pontificală de Științe Sociale.
Tina Weber
Senior research managerTina Weber is a senior research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Her work has focused on labour shortages, the impact of hybrid work and an ‘always on’ culture and the right to disconnect, working conditions and social protection measures for self-employed workers and the impact of the twin transitions on employment, working conditions and industrial relations. She is responsible for studies assessing the representativeness of European social partner organisations. She has also carried out research on European Works Councils and the evolution of industrial relations and social dialogue in the European Union. Prior to joining Eurofound in 2019, she worked for a private research institute primarily carrying out impact assessments and evaluations of EU labour law and labour market policies. Tina holds a PhD in Political Sciences from the University of Edinburgh which focussed on the role of national trade unions and employers’ organisations in the European social dialogue.
Stavroula Demetriades
Senior research managerStavroula Demetriades este senior research manager în cadrul unității de ocupare a forței de muncă din cadrul Eurofound. Ea este responsabilă de cercetare în domeniile tranziției verzi și juste, dialogului social, practicilor de management, inovării și muncii hibride. Deține un doctorat în sociologie de la Universitatea din Aalborg, Danemarca. De asemenea, are un masterat în politici economice de la Trinity College Dublin și un masterat în dezvoltare regională de la Universitatea din Atena. Înainte de a se alătura Eurofound în 1999, a lucrat în institute de cercetare, în diferite posturi din sectorul public și privat și a realizat studii organizaționale și socioeconomice. Principalele sale interese de cercetare includ tranziția verde și justă, gestionarea resurselor umane, sistemele de lucru, inovarea, ocuparea forței de muncă și dialogul social. De asemenea, este profesor adjunct la Școala de Afaceri de la University College Dublin.
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