Comhionannas inscne
Tagraíonn comhionannas inscne do chomhionannas idir mná agus fir maidir lena gcearta, a gcaitheamh, a bhfreagrachtaí, a ndeiseanna, a rannpháirtíocht agus a n-éachtaí eacnamaíocha agus sóisialta. Baintear comhionannas inscne amach nuair a bhíonn na cearta, na freagrachtaí agus na deiseanna céanna ag fir agus mná i ngach cuid den tsochaí agus nuair a thugtar an luach céanna ar leasanna, riachtanais agus tosaíochtaí éagsúla na bhfear agus na mban.
Faigh an t-ábhar is déanaí ar an ábhar seo thíos.
Overschooled and underpaid: The riddle of opposing gender gaps in pay and education
In ainneoin na mblianta atá déanta chun cinn, tá an bhearna phá idir na hinscní fós ar fud an Aontais. Déanann an tuarascáil seo iniúchadh ar fhianaise an mhargaidh saothair atá taobh thiar den bhearna, ó fhostaíocht agus pá go réimse staidéir, agus cad a nochtann sé faoi dhúshlán beartais buan.Taobh thiar de radhairc an tSuirbhé Eorpaigh ar Dhálaí Oibre
Ó seoladh é i 1990, tá forbhreathnú cuimsitheach curtha ar fáil ag an Suirbhé Eorpach ar Dhálaí Oibre ar dhálaí oibre san Eoraip. Dearbhaíonn EWCS 2024 go bhfuil margadh saothair na hEorpa ag aistriú, rud a léiríonn laghdú ar uaireanta fada oibre agus feabhsuithe míchothrom ar cháilíocht an phoist. San eipeasóid seo de Eurofound Talks, tugann Mary McCaughey cuireadh don Bhainisteoir Sinsearach Taighde Agnès Parent-Thirion labhairt faoin suirbhé atá taobh thiar de na ceannlínte, agus faoin obair a dhéantar chun é a chur i gcrích.Suirbhé Eorpach ar Dhálaí Oibre 2024 – Buaicphointí
Cuireann an scéal digiteach seo na buaicphointí ó thuarascáil fhorbhreathnaithe an tSuirbhé Eorpaigh ar Dhálaí Oibre 2024 i láthair. Déantar iniúchadh ann ar phríomhthorthaí ó gach caibidil den tuarascáil a dhíríonn ar fhórsa saothair na hEorpa, ar chleachtais san ionad oibre, ar cháilíocht an phoist a thomhas, ar threochtaí le himeacht ama i gcáilíocht an phoist, chomh maith le cáilíocht an tsaoil oibre san AE.Glacann Eurofound cur chuige príomhshruthaithe inscne go córasach ina chuid taighde. Nuair is féidir agus nuair is ábhartha, déanann torthaí taighde, lena n-áirítear suirbhéanna agus anailísí beartais, sonraí a dhíchomhiomlánú de réir inscne. Soláthraíonn tionscadail taighde eile anailís shonrach a bhaineann le comhionannas inscne. Clúdaíonn an taighde réimse níos leithne topaicí ó thaobh inscne de, amhail pá agus ioncam, pá íosta, cúram, rannpháirtíocht san fhostaíocht, saoire, scileanna agus oiliúint, eagrú oibre, cáilíocht an phoist, am oibre, cothromaíocht oibre is saoil agus cóineasú agus comhtháthú sóisialta, lena n-áirítear suirbhéanna uile-Eorpacha agus tuairisciú rialta ar an leibhéal náisiúnta.
Éist lenár bhfíseán ar Éagothromaíochtaí inscne san ionad oibre nó féach ar ár bhfíseán le léargas ó shaineolaí Eurofound, Barbara Gerstenberger.
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Is croíluach de chuid an Aontais Eorpaigh é comhionannas inscne, ceart bunúsach, gné ríthábhachtach d'fhás eacnamaíoch agus príomhphrionsabal de Cholún Eorpach na gCeart Sóisialta. Cé go bhfuil dul chun cinn suntasach déanta maidir le comhionannas inscne a chur chun cinn le blianta beaga anuas, tá éagothroime inscne fós ann i réimsí amhail fostaíocht, pá, pinsin, cinnteoireacht agus freagrachtaí cúraim.
Tá comhionannas inscne fós ina phríomhthosaíocht don Choimisiún Eorpach. Tar éis an Straitéis um Chomhionannas Inscne 2020–2025 a chur chun feidhme, ghlac an Coimisiún Treochlár um Chearta na mBan an 7 Márta 2025, ina leagtar amach fís fhadtéarmach maidir le cearta na mban a chur chun cinn agus aghaidh a thabhairt ar dhúshláin atá ag teacht chun cinn amhail idirdhealú agus foréigean a éascaítear leis an teicneolaíocht. Ag tógáil ar an treochlár seo, an 5 Márta 2026, d'fhoilsigh an Coimisiún an Straitéis um Chomhionannas Inscne 2026–2030, ag aistriú cuspóirí an treochláir ina mbeartais inghníomhaithe. Tá sé mar aidhm ag an straitéis nua comhionannas inscne a leabú i ngach réimse beartais agus díríonn sí ar shaincheisteanna amhail foréigean inscnebhunaithe, cibearfhoréigean, pá comhionann, sláinte na mban, cothromaíocht oibre is saoil, comhionannas inscne i gceannaireacht agus i gcinnteoireacht, agus tionchair inscne teicneolaíochtaí atá ag teacht chun cinn amhail intleacht shaorga.
Ceann de na chéad spriocanna insoláthartha den straitéis roimhe seo ba ea an Treoir maidir le Trédhearcacht Pá, a ghlac an Chomhairle an 24 Aibreán 2023. Faoin straitéis nua, leanfaidh an Coimisiún de thacaíocht a thabhairt do na comhpháirtithe sóisialta i gcur chun feidhme na treorach. I measc na garspriocanna eile tá an Straitéis Eorpach um Chúram a cuireadh i láthair i mí Mheán Fómhair 2022, atá nasctha le rannpháirtíocht na mban sa mhargadh saothair a fheabhsú, chomh maith le Treoir maidir le cothromaíocht inscne ar bhoird chorparáideacha, a glacadh i mí na Samhna 2022.
Ó 2020 i leith, reáchtáil Parlaimint na hEorpa Seachtain Eorpach um Chomhionannas Inscne ar thionscnamh an Choiste um Chearta na mBan agus Comhionannas Inscne (FEMM). I rith na seachtaine, foilsíonn EIGE torthaí a Innéacs um Chomhionannas Inscne.
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Straitéis um Chomhionannas Inscne opens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Treochlár do Chearta na mBan opens in new tab
Parlaimint na hEorpa: Bearta ceangailteacha trédhearcachta páopens in new tab
Parlaimint na hEorpa: An tSeachtain Eorpach um Chomhionannas Inscne opens in new tab
Eurostat: Staitisticí maidir leis an mbearna pá idir na hinscní agus na hinscne opens in new tab
Eurostat: Mná ag an obair: léargas ar bhearna fostaíochta inscne an AE
Is rogha é seo de na torthaí is tábhachtaí don ábhar seo.
15 July 2026
Overschooled and underpaid: The riddle of opposing gender gaps in pay and education
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14 April 2026
Suirbhé Eorpach ar Dhálaí Oibre 2024: Tuarascáil Forbhreathnaithe
15 December 2025
Luach comhionann, pá comhionann: Coincheapa, meicníochtaí agus cur chun feidhme i dtreo cothromas pá inscne
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18 November 2025
Taking stock: Further experiences in gender pay transparency implementation and effectiveness
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25 September 2008
Mind the gap – Women’s and men’s quality of work and employment - Background paper
Gender mainstreaming is an integral part of the research conducted by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. When labour market participation, working conditions and the resulting labour market outcomes are analysed, the difference in the situation of women and men is evident. This report highlights the main issues concerning women’s situation in the labour market and indicate where the principal barriers to women’s labour market participation lie.
15 May 2023
Gender differences in motivation to engage in platform work
The rise of the platform economy during the last decade is one of the main disrupting forces for European labour markets. While standard employment remains the norm, platforms are expanding their reach and diversifying into novel business models. In doing so, they are also attracting an increasing number of women. This policy brief investigates why women are joining the platform economy and how the motivations to perform work on platforms differ between genders. It shows that while women join platforms to gain an additional income and because it allows them the flexibility to combine work with household chores or family commitments, men are driven by the opportunities provided by platforms to work globally and to expand their client base. At the same time, findings suggest that online platforms seem to provide women with a link to the labour market that can potentially prevent their withdrawal from the labour force during different life stages. These findings suggest that policy action should focus on extending working hours regulations and work–life balance measures to all platform workers, irrespective of employment status, and promote equal sharing of care responsibilities between women and men.
13 October 2022
COVID-19 pandemic and the gender divide at work and home
The COVID-19 pandemic has accentuated inequalities in many dimensions of European societies, including inequalities between women and men in several key domains. This report looks at gender inequalities that existed prior to the COVID-19 crisis and describes in what ways the pandemic has impacted on gender divides. It also analyses the various policy responses of national governments across the EU to address gender divides, and to prevent their widening during the pandemic. The effects of the pandemic on employment at EU-level has been remarkably gender-neutral on the whole, with nuances emerging within different sectors and socioeconomic groups. The pre-existing gender gaps in unpaid work have persisted, leading to work–life conflicts, especially among teleworking mothers of young children. Finally, the report describes the outlook for gender inequalities in Europe, pointing to factors that will shape the future of equality between women and men: gender segregation in labour markets, gender divides in telework and hybrid work, and gender mainstreaming in policymaking – especially in relation to caregiving and care services.
14 December 2021
European Jobs Monitor 2021: Gender gaps and the employment structure
One of the most striking developments of the last half-century has been the huge rise in the labour market participation of women. Two out of every three net new jobs created over the last two decades in the EU were taken by women. At the same time, sharply rising employment rates among older workers due to population ageing and policy changes have increased the share of older workers in the labour market. This report examines the impacts of the changing contours of labour supply on the employment structure over the last quarter-century in Europe (1995–2019). The primary focus is on gender, with a secondary focus on ageing. Among the main findings are that employment shares in gender-balanced jobs have declined despite the rising female share of employment and that gender pay gaps are highest in well-paid jobs.
14 December 2021
Understanding the gender pay gap: What role do sector and occupation play?
Despite the increasing participation of women in the labour market and a higher share of women than men being hired into well-paid jobs in recent years, a gender pay gap exists across all EU Member States. Pay differentials between women and men have been shown to be significantly influenced by the economic sector where people work and the occupation they hold.
This policy brief examines these dimensions. It also identifies how much these and other factors contribute to gender disparities in pay. The analysis finds that, of the observable factors examined, the greater likelihood of women working in lower-paying sectors and working part-time are the most important contributors to the gender pay gap. Nevertheless, around two-thirds of the gap in the EU remains unexplained by individual and employment-related factors typically analysed, suggesting that other factors not captured by survey wage data account for the rest of it.
Soláthraíonn taighdeoirí Eurofound léargas saineolaithe agus is féidir teagmháil a dhéanamh leo le haghaidh ceisteanna nó fiosrúcháin ó na meáin.
Sanna Nivakoski
Research officerIs oifigeach taighde í Sanna Nivakoski san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound. Sula ndeachaigh sí isteach in Eurofound in 2021, d'oibrigh sí mar thaighdeoir iardhochtúireachta in Institiúid Geary um Bheartas Poiblí an Choláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath, san Institiúid Taighde Eacnamaíoch agus Sóisialta i mBaile Átha Cliath, agus i gColáiste Ríoga na Máinleá in Éirinn. D'oibrigh sí i go leor réimsí taighde sa mhicrieacnamaíocht, lena n-áirítear ioncam scoir agus saibhreas, coigilteas pinsin, aistrithe idirghlúine agus tionchar airgeadais baintreachas. Tá PhD san Eacnamaíocht ag Sanna ó Choláiste na Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath.
Barbara Gerstenberger
Head of UnitTá Barbara Gerstenberger ina Ceannasaí ar an Aonad Saoil Oibre ag Eurofound. Sa ról seo, comhordaíonn sí na foirne taighde a dhéanann imscrúdú ar cháilíocht na bpost san Eoraip bunaithe ar an Suirbhé Eorpach ar Choinníollacha Oibre agus tá freagracht fhoriomlán uirthi as an bhFaireachlann Eorpach um Shaol na hOibre agus as taighde ar chaidreamh tionsclaíoch san AE. Chuaigh sí isteach in Eurofound in 2001 mar bhainisteoir taighde san Lárionad Faireacháin Eorpach um Athrú (EMCC) nuabhunaithe ag an am. In 2007, bhog sí go dtí an tAonad Faisnéise agus Cumarsáide Eurofound mar Cheannasaí Táirgí Cumarsáide, sular ceapadh í ina Comhordaitheoir sa Stiúrthóireacht in 2011. Roimhe sin, d'oibrigh sí mar oifigeach taighde sinsearach i gCónaidhm Eorpach na nOibrithe Miotail sa Bhruiséil. Céimí san eolaíocht pholaitiúil ó Ollscoil Hamburg, chríochnaigh sí céim Mháistir i Riarachán Poiblí ag Scoil Rialtais Kennedy, Ollscoil Harvard.
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Senior research managerIs bainisteoir taighde sinsearach é Carlos Vacas Soriano san aonad Fostaíochta ag Eurofound. Oibríonn sé ar ábhair a bhaineann le neamhionannais pá agus ioncaim, pá íosta, pá íseal, cáilíocht an phoist, fostaíocht shealadach agus deighilt, agus cáilíocht an phoist. Sula ndeachaigh sé isteach in Eurofound in 2010, d'oibrigh sé mar anailísí maicreacnamaíoch don Choimisiún Eorpach agus mar thaighdeoir i margaí saothair na hEorpa ag Banc Ceannais na Spáinne. Tá MA aige i Staidéar Eacnamaíoch na hEorpa ó Choláiste na hEorpa i Bruges agus PhD in Eacnamaíocht an tSaothair ó Ollscoil Salamanca (Dochtúir Europaeus).
Karel Fric
Research officerIs oifigeach taighde é Karel Fric san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound. Baineann a chuid oibre le taighde suirbhé, anailís sonraí agus bainistíocht tionscadail, le fócas ar leith ar choinníollacha oibre agus maireachtála, comhionannas agus idirdhealú. D'oibrigh sé roimhe seo mar thaighdeoir ag Gníomhaireacht an Aontais Eorpaigh um Chearta Bunúsacha i Vín, an Ostair, agus ag Panteia, eagraíocht taighde agus comhairliúcháin atá lonnaithe i Zoetermeer, an Ísiltír. Tá PhD sna hEolaíochtaí Sóisialta ag Karel ó Ollscoil Erasmus Rotterdam agus céim Mháistreachta san Eacnamaíocht ó Ollscoil Utrecht.
Tugann an rannán seo rochtain ar an ábhar ar fad a foilsíodh faoin ábhar.
